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Bacopa

Chaenostoma cordatum (soo-TER-ah cor-DAH-tah)

Family: Scrophulariaceae Unknown Groundcover (<1 ft)

Ornamental bacopa is a small, evergreen, prostrate, trailing, perennial groundcover, native to the South Cape Provinces. It is typically found in forests, forest margins, or shaded coastal areas of South Africa. The plant grows 3 to 6 inches tall and has a sprawling habit. The leaves are small, toothed, and the flowers are small, delicate, white, funnel-shaped, 5-petaled with a yellow tube. This plant is fast-growing, spreads quickly, and blooms during the summer and fall. it is a member of the figwort family (Scrophulariaceae). The genus name, Chaenostoma, means, "gaping mouth." The specific epithet, cordatum, refers to its somewhat heart-shaped leaves. The common name, bacopa, is somewhat confusing since there is another genus of plants called Bacopa, commonly known as water hyssop, that are primarily aquatic plants. This plant is winter hardy in zones 9 to 11. In cooler climates, it is used as an annual. It thrives in bright, indirect light and in moist, well-drained loamy soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH. Prefers a humid environment with moderate temperatures. Water containers regularly in hot weather, and feed them with an all-purpose liquid fertilizer during the growing season. Pruning helps to maintain the plant's shape. Propagated by seeds during the spring or stem cuttings that are best obtained in the spring or early summer. The leaves are dark green and broadly ovate to elliptical, slightly hairy, and have tiny, toothed margins. The corolla of the flower is short, funnel-shaped, and yellow to orange, and the white lobes spread out to form a 5-petalled, star-shaped flower. The fruit is a tiny capsule with amber colored seeds. In North Carolina, it is best grown as an annual in hanging baskets or containers or as a ground cover along borders. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant insect pests or diseases. Monitor for aphids, thrips, and whiteflies. May be susceptible to root rot, powdery mildew, and viruses.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 51 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual; Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9a, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 3 in. - 0 ft. 6 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Cascading; Multi-stemmed; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Ovate
Leaf margin
Crenate; Serrate
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
The leaves are dark green, small, opposite, broadly ovate to broadly elliptic, pubescent with crenate or serrate margins. Each leaf measures from 0.5 to 1.5 inches long and equally as wide.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; White
Flower value
Long-lasting; Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Funnel; Star
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Produces blooms at branch tips from summer through fall. The flowers are small, white, five-petalled, solitary, up to 1 inch in diameter, and appear axillary. The lobes of the bloom are white and spread out to a star-shaped, and the corolla tube is funnel-shaped, yellow to orange, and measures 8 to 11 mm long. The flowers are “perfect” or monoecious, containing both male and female reproductive organs.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The fruit is a tiny capsule, measuring 3 to 5 mm in length and 2 to 3 mm wide, and contains amber-colored seeds.
Stem detail
This plant has sprawling stems that are loosely branched and frequently root at the nodes.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
South Cape Province
Distribution
Native: Cape Provinces; Introduced: Austria, Germany, Great Britain, and Ireland
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets
Landscape theme
Rock Garden
Design feature
Border
Garden tags
#showy flowers #cascading #afternoon shade #hanging baskets #long-lasting flowers #groundcover #rock garden #container plant #white flowers #cpp #sprawling #herbaceous perennial #delicate flowers #annual #containers #green leaves #acidic soils tolerant #fast growing
Problems & Resistance
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.