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Giant Plumegrass

Erianthus giganteus (air-ee-AN-thus jy-gan-TEE-us)

Family: Poaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

A native ornamental grass known as sugarcane in the Poaceae family and is found naturally in marshes and ditches. Tolerates air pollution and being planted near black walnut trees. Can grow 15'-20' tall in tropical areas but typically grow to 8' outside the tropics. Has large arching leaf blades with sharp edges. Can be planted as a specimen or in large groups. This plant is best in meadows and other natural areas. Long, narrow, alternate leaves are located mostly on the lower stem; long white hairs are present at the base of the leaves. Golden plumes appear in fall at the top of tall, erect stems. Seasons of Interest: Bloom: Fall; Fruit/Seed/Nut: Fall/Winter

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 45 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Saccharum officinarum
Similar, less problematic Saccharum officinarum

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Moist | Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Hairs present
Yes
Fall color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; Gray/Silver; Pink; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Long-lasting; Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower detail
Golden plumes appear in fall at the top of tall, erect stems. Flowers bloom September-October.
Bloom time
Fall
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Fruit detail
Fruits are available November-December.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Wildlife value
This is a larval host plant that supports various skipper larvae and Common Wood-Nymph (Cercyonis pegala) which have one brood from late May to October. Adult Common Wood-Nymph butterflies feed on rotting fruit and flower nectar. Provides cover year round. Seeds eaten sparingly by songbirds.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Winter
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Lawn; Pond; Riparian
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Specimen
Garden tags
#deciduous #specimen #winter interest #seeds #air pollution tolerant #native ornamental grass #NC native #deer resistant #bird friendly #food source fall #butterfly friendly #Piedmont Mountains FACW #food source herbage #food source hard mast fruit #mammals #Coastal FACW #larval host plant #Audubon #common wood-nymph butterfly #black walnut toxicity tolerant #pollinator plant #food source winter #wildlife friendly #skipper butterflies #winter cover
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Heat
Particularly resistant to
Highly deer resistant. Tolerates air pollution and being planted near black walnut trees.
Propagation
Division; Root Cutting; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.