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Aeonium

Aeonium (ay-OH-nee-um)

Family: Crassulaceae Non-native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Aeonium is a genus of small to medium sized, evergreen, succulent plants native to Macaronesia, Southwest Morocco, Northeast and East Africa and the Southwest Arabian Peninsula. The genus name, Aeonium , is from the Greek word, aionos , which means "ageless." There are 36 accepted species in this genus. They grow as colorful rosettes of thick, waxy leaves. Depending on the species the rosette size varies from a couple of inches to 1 foot wide. Some are tall while Aeonium tabulaeforme and Aeonium smithii remain compact. As for color, the leaves come in medium green, light green, variegated with white, cream, creamy yellow, bronze purple or dark purple. They are members of the stonecrop family (Crassulaceae). These plants are found in mild and dry climates and are winter-hardy in zones 9 to 11. They prefer full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil of loam or sand with an acidic to neutral pH. For container plants it is best to use a cactus mix to insure adequate drainage. The plants in this genus are drought and salt-tolerant and deer-resistant. To preserve these plants, they should be brought indoors before the temperature drops to 40 degrees Fahrenheit at night. Restrict the water to just enough to stop the leaves from fading over the winter months. Remember they love the sun, so keep them in a well-lit place. Slowly acclimate them to the sunlight before putting them out in the late spring. Propagate these plants in the spring or summer by seed, division, or cuttings. Some species are shrub-forming and can grow up to 5 feet tall while others are much smaller and compact. They have showy flowers rising from the rosette and usually bloom late winter or spring. They may form a panicle or make a 'popsicle' at the top of the stem. They are generally small, star-shaped blooms, and depending on the species they may be creamy white, yellow, gold, pink, or red. Some species can take 3 to 5 years to flower. The fruits are small and papery, and they will split open when ripe. Most aeoniums are monocarpic which means that the flowering rosette will set seed once and die after blooming. In branching species, the plant will continue to grow after flowering; however, unbranched species must be propagated by seeds. In North Carolina these succulents must be planted in pots to be brought inside in the winter or treated as annuals. Use them to make a poolside 'desert' landscape in a shallow container. Perhaps plant them in traditional terracotta pots and group them near the front door. The dark varieties are spectacular against a pale background such as a fence (blue, silver or grey-leaved plants, white flowers and a top dressing of sand). Try contrasting the rosette with the color of the pot you use, such as a dark pot with a light colored plant; light pot with a dark leaved variety. These plant are perfect as an ornamental houseplant. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Typically, these plants have no serious insect or disease problems. Monitor for aphids, mealybugs, spider mites, scale and ants. Overwatering can cause root rot. The leaves will scorch if the plant receives too much sunlight. VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Houseplants, Succulents, and Cacti", a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 49 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Curio rowleyanus Opuntia Senecio crassissimus

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant; Succulent
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry | Very Dry
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet; 3 feet-6 feet
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 3 in. - 5 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 5 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Cascading; Clumping; Creeping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Pink; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy; Variegated; White
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Rosulate
Leaf shape
Spatulate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Fleshy; Glossy; Waxy
Leaf value
Showy
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Rosettes of leaves sit at the top of erect, woody stems. The leaves are usually fleshy, waxy, spatulate and have a sharp, abrupt point at the tip. The rosette size varies depending on the species. Some have fine hairs and/or red to pink coloring along the margins. Many different colors and patterns exist due to hybridization.
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Gold/Yellow; Pink; Red/Burgundy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Star
Flower detail
A pyramid-shaped panicle of flowers. The inflorescence emerges from the center of the rosette, and the rosette will die back after flowering. The flowers are small, star-shaped, and the color varies from creamy white, yellow, gold, pink or red depending on the species or variety.
Bloom time
Spring; Winter
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Green
Stem detail
Long, thick central stems that may bend or arch. Depending on the species, they may be multi-stemmed or unbranched.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Macaronesia, SW Morocco, NE & East Africa and to SW Arabia
Distribution
Native: Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madeira, Morocco, Somalia, Tanzania, Uganda, and Yemen. Introduced: Algeria, Baleares, California, East Aegean Islands, France, Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Juan Fernandez Island, New Zealand North New Zealand South, Portugal, Sardinia, Sicilia, Spain, Tasmania, and Tunisia.
Wildlife value
Attracts bees.
Attracts
Bees
Play value
Colorful; Textural
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container; Houseplants; Patio
Landscape theme
Rock Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Specimen
Garden tags
#houseplant #succulent #drought tolerant #fleshy leaves #interiorscape #waxy #hsc-s #hsc #showy leaves #heat tolerant #coastal plant #specimen #humidity tolerant #container plant #accent #herbaceous perennial #salt tolerant #low maintenance #deer resistant #hybrid
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Heat; Humidity; Salt
Propagation
Division; Leaf Cutting; Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.