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Japanese Lawngrass

Zoysia (ZOY-zhə)

Family: Poaceae Non-native Herbaceous

Zoysiagrass is a warm-season turf grass in the grass family (Poaceae) and is native to Japan and Korea. There are two species that are used for lawns, Z. japonica and Z. matrella, but other species are also grown. Zoysiagrasses are also used for golf courses and erosion control. They are considered high-maintenance grasses. The genus name, Zoysia , references Karl von Zoys, an 18th-century Austrian botanist. Zoysia japonica is from Asia and is commonly known as Japanese or Korean lawngrass. It has medium-coarse leaves that are light green in color. Seeds are available for this one, but sod or plugs are usually used to establish a lawn. Zoysia matrella is from the Philippines and is commonly known as Manilagrass. It has a finer texture, is slower growing and less cold-hardy than the other Zoysiagrasses. Zoysia tenuifolia is a name that appears in the turfgrass literature and in commerce, but it is now treated as a synonym of Zoysia matrella var. matrella. It forms small clumps with a puffy appearance . Due to its slow growth and appearance, it is not used as turf grass but more as an ornamental. Zoysia matrella var. pacifica (syn. Zoysia pacifica ) has the common name of Mascarenegrass or Korean velvetgrass. Due to slow growth and appearance, it is more often used as an ornamental than as a turfgrass. Zoysia grasses form a very dense turf that tolerates wear and spreads by stolons and rhizomes. It grows in full sun to light shade and is very drought tolerant once established. It requires less frequent mowing due to its slow rate of growth. Once established, it requires little irrigation to survive in North Carolina. Because it is a warm-season grass, Zoysia grasses go dormant in the winter and assume a light brown appearance. It should be mowed to a height of 1 to 1 1/2 inches. Refer to " Caring for Your Lawn and the Environment " for guidelines on fertilizing and mowing. Most of the Zoysiagrasses need to be established by plugs or sod. There are a few cultivars can be started by seed, but availability is limited. Those that can be seeded include 'Compadre' and ‘Zenith'; however, they can be difficult to establish. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Fungal diseases and white grubs can occur. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common southern lawn diseases.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 45 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Cynodon Lolium arundinaceum Poa pratensis

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Turfgrass
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Creeping; Horizontal; Multi-stemmed; Spreading
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Sheath; Simple
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Light green linear leaf with a sharp point and hairs at the sheath collar and ligule. Width and texture vary according to the cultivar.
Flower form
Spike
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The minute flowers are borne in dense cylindrical inflorescences.
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
seedhead a spikelet, with seeds alternating along the head
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Branching green stems that root at the nodes
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Asia
Distribution
Naturalized in various states in the United States, including North Carolina, Central and South America, and African Gold Coast.
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn
Garden tags
#turfgrass #lawn #full sun #light shade #golf course #warm-season grass #high maintenance
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
White Grubs in Turf; Wireworms in Turf; Green June Beetles in Turfgrass
Disease problems
Large Patch in Turf
Other problems
Zoysiagrass Lawn Maintenance Calendar; Zoysiagrass; Organic Lawn Care: A Guide to Organic Lawn Maintenance and Pest Management for North Carolina
Resistant to
Drought; Erosion; Foot Traffic; Heat; Humidity

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.