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William Penn Barberry

Berberis (ber-BER-is glad-win-EN-sis)

Family: Bereridaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

William Penn barberry is a broadleaf evergreen cultivar in the barberry family (Bereridaceae) derived from crossing B. verruculosa and B. gagnepainii and introduced by the Henry Foundation of Gladwyne, Pennsylvania in 1963. This shrub grows 3 to 5 feet tall and wide in a rounded form, preferring full sun to partial shade in well-drained garden soil. It can be lightly pruned in winter if needed to shape. Drought and deer tolerant. Spreads to form thickets. Birds will spread the seeds by eating the fruits. Small yellow flowers appear in clusters in early spring and are followed by red berries. The glossy green leaves turn a red-bronze in fall. Leaves and stems are spiny. It is not hardy in areas where the temperatures drop to zero F. The spiny stems make it a good choice for a privacy screen or security plant. Use in a drought-tolerant or winter garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Watch for berberis sawfly and powdery mildew. More information on Berberis .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 53 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Berberis verruculosa
Fills a similar niche Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Berberis julianae Berberis x chenaultii
Native alternatives Berberis canadensis Ilex glabra Ilex opaca Ilex vomitoria Ilex vomitoria 'Dwarf' Myrica cerifera

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Poisonous; Shrub
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 5 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 5 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Dense; Mounding; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf feel
Prickly
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Alternate, simple, spiny, lustrous, and dark green leaves that turn a red-bronze winter color.
Fall color
Brown/Copper; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower detail
Tiny bright yellow flowers in dangling clusters in spring.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Showy
Stem detail
Stems with spines
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Attracts bees and birds.
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Berry
Landscape Use
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Rock Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Border; Hedge; Mass Planting; Security
Garden tags
#evergreen #bronze #yellow flowers #drought tolerant #full sun tolerant #spring flowers #deer resistant #shrub #spring interest #winter color bronze #evergreen shrub #red leaves #red fruits #thorns #glossy leaves #spines #partial shade tolerant #hedge #perennial #shrub border #poisonous if ingested
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Children; Spines/Thorns
Resistant to
Deer; Drought
Particularly resistant to
seldom damaged by deer, drought-tolerant, and tolerates a range of soil types
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Ingestion of the toxic parts can cause stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Toxic principle
Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.