Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Willow-leaved sunflower 'First Light'

Helianthus salicifolius 'First Light' (hee-lee-AN-thus sa-liss-sih-FOH-lee-us)

Family: Asteraceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Willowleaf sunflower is a herbaceous perennial in the daisy family (Asteraceae) native to the central United States, primarily in the Great Plains and Ozark Plateau and is found growing over limestone soils in prairies and meadows. Genus name comes from the Greek words helios meaning sun and anthos meaning flower. Specific epithet means with leaves like willows ( Salix ). Willowleaf sunflower will grow 5 to 6 feet tall but can reach 8 feet in height with a 1 to 3-foot spread. It is tolerant of most soil conditions as long as they are well-drained and prefers full sun but will tolerate some shade. Shading causes the plant to grow taller and produce fewer blooms. The plant will spread by creeping rhizomes and seeds. Clumps can be divided every 2 to 4 years as needed. In late summer to fall, clusters of bright yellow ray petals surround a brown center of disc flowers that are attractive to pollinators. The attractive leaves are narrow, drooping and willow-like with soft hairs. Birds are attracted to the seeds that follow flowering. Native bees nest in the dead, hollow stems, so gardeners are encouraged to cut back dead stems to 12 to 24 inches and allow them to remain standing until they disintegrate on their own. Read more about best practices for stem-nesting bees in this NC Extension publication . Use this plant for naturalizing meadows or prairies. It can also be used in the back of the border, providing bright yellow color for the fall pollinator garden. Useful in a cutting or cottage garden. There are shorter cultivars for garden use. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Watch for rust, leaf fungal spots and powdery mildew. Watch for aphids, beetles and caterpillars.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ Reconciled to full toolbox: matched by slug to slug 'helianthus-salicifolius'. Identity (id/common/scientific name) preserved from the original 87-plant Hunnicutt set; attribute data refreshed from the 58-attribute toolbox scrape.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Helianthus angustifolius
Fills a similar niche Helianthus maximiliani Rudbeckia sullivantii 'Goldsturm' Smallanthus uvedalia

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 5 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The 5 to 7-inch narrow leaves are arching and willow-like
Flower color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Radial
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
The radial flowers are up to 3 inches across in clusters. Bright yellow rays surround the center of brown disc flowers in late summer to late fall.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Achene
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Small gray to black seeds.
Stem color
Green; White
Stem detail
Ridgid whitish-green stems that branch near the top
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Central United States
Distribution
IL , KS , MD , MO , NY , OK , TX , WI
Wildlife value
Flowers attract pollinators. Birds will eat the seeds. Dead stems are used by stem-nesting bees.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Achene
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Meadow; Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#showy leaves #prairies #showy flowers #herbaceous perennial #yellow flowers #pollinator garden #meadow #naturalized area #fall flowers #cut flower #full sun #bee friendly #bird friendly #border back #butterfly friendly #nesting site
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.