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Tree Boxwood

Buxus sempervirens (BUK-sus sem-per-VEE-renz)

Family: Buxaceae Unknown Understory (15-40 ft)

Tree boxwood is an upright, woody, broadleaf, evergreen, perennial shrub or tree in the boxwood family (Buxaceae). Location and maintenance of this plant can have an effect on its health. The tree boxwood will grow in morning sun or partial shade. Plants grown in full shade will be less than desired, having decreased foliage. In afternoon sun the foliage may scorch, turn brown in winter, and suffer from mite attacks. Boxwood tolerates a variety of soil textures as long as they drain well and the pH level is acidic or neutral. Limit cultivation around its shallow roots and protect them with a layer of mulch. Also protect them from winter winds which can cause dehydration and bronzing of the leaves. Tree boxwood is tolerant of pruning, however, pruning should be done after the last frost. Pruning will lead to tender new shoots, which can be damaged by a late frost. Propagate boxwood by stem cutting. Tree boxwood can be a problem for cats, dogs, and horses if consumed. It can lead to vomiting and diarrhea in cats and dogs; colic, diarrhea, respiratory failure, and seizures for horses. Being a medium to large shrub, tree boxwood is ideal for shaping into a ball or cone for use as a hedge or topiary. Its dense, tree-like growth, and large, long leaves also make it a good screening plant for large areas. Plant in small groups or as a mass planting sheered into a privacy hedge in a formal English or cottage garden, or use it along a walkway to direct garden visitors. Quick ID Hints: Stems are green and square with distinct edges. The bark is green to light gray. Length of the leaves can be one to three inches. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: The plant is susceptible to boxwood blight and leaf spot diseases. Insect pests include leafminer, boxwood mite, and boxwood psyllid. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common boxwood insect pests and diseases. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Trees, Shrubs and Conifers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Buxus sempervirens .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 63 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Buxus sempervirens 'Aureovariegata' Buxus sempervirens 'Vardar Valley' Buxus sinica
Native alternatives Ilex glabra Ilex vomitoria
Similar, less problematic Distylium Viburnum obovatum 'Raulston Hardy'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 8 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in. | Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Erect; Multi-stemmed; Rounded
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Oblong; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Opposite, dark green, lustrous leaves that are twice as long as wide with pinnate venation. May develop an orange-green cast in winter.
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Gold/Yellow
Flower form
Insignificant
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Non-showy
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Globose, 1/3 inch dehiscent capsule that matures to brown.
Bark color
Green; Light Gray
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Small Space; Walkways
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; English Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Hedge; Mass Planting; Screen/Privacy; Small groups; Small Tree
Garden tags
#evergreen #problem for cats #problem for dogs #problem for horses #shearing #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #woody #rabbit resistant #pruning tolerant #topiary #winter interest #deer resistant #English garden #small tree #mass planting #cottage garden #small spaces #hedge #perennial #screen #small groups #walkway
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Boxwood Mite; Boxwood Psyllid; Boxwood Pest Management Calendar; Pests of Boxwood; Oystershell Scale Insect on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Problem for Cats; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Deer; Rabbits
Particularly resistant to
Deer resistant
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison symptoms
Dogs and cats: vomiting, diarrhea; Horses: colic, diarrhea, respiratory failure, seizures
Toxic principle
Alkaloids
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.