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Bead Plant

Curio (KUR-ree-oh raw-lee-AY-nus)

Family: Asteraceae Non-native Vine (vertical)

The String of Pearls is a succulent vine that is popularly grown as an ornamental in hanging baskets in the United States. The plant has tiny pea-shaped leaves that grow on trailing stems that spill downward like a string of pearls over the side of the planter. The rounded, fleshy leaves of String of Pearls are unique, each resembling a pearl, a bead, or a marble. It can be grown both indoors as a houseplant or outdoors in a more tropical location. It is limited to outdoor use in the USDA Hardiness zones 9B through 11b; therefore, it is mostly grown as a houseplant. The mature size is 1 to 2 feet tall and 1 to 2 feet long. This plant is toxic to both humans and pets. The plant is native to the dry areas of South Africa where it will grow in a vine-like manner. It creeps and crawls along the ground, and roots are formed wherever the plant comes in contact with the ground. It often grows under bushes and rocks. The previous synonym for the plant was Senecio rowleyanus. The genus name, Senecio , is Latin for the word senex which means "old man from the hoary pappus." This plant was recently moved to the genus Curio which means "curiosity." The specific epithet, rowleyanus , honors Gordon Douglas Rowley, a British botanist whose specialty was succulents and cacti. If planted outdoors, it should be in locations that include partial shade; whereas, indoor plants flourish in areas where they receive bright, indirect sunlight. Cactus potting mix or a combination of potting soil mixed with sand or perlite is an ideal planting or container medium. It is intolerant to frost and must be brought indoors before the first fall frost. It tolerates infrequent watering, but overwatering can result in root rot. Never allow your plant to completely dry out between watering. Warm temperatures of 70 to 80 degrees during the summer and cool temperatures of 50 to 60 in the winter are best. These plants tend to die back after several years. Propagate by stem cuttings instead of trying to revive the older plant. Propagation can be easily and quickly accomplished by taking a 3 to 5-inch stem cutting and covering a few of the nodes in the potting mixture This will allow new roots to form. A slower and less reliable form of propagation can be done by simply dropping a leaf onto your soil mixture. The wind disperses the seeds after outdoor plants flower. The rounded shape of the leaf decreases the amount of surface area exposed to the arid desert air; therefore, reducing the loss of water or moisture. There is a dark band on the side of the leaf that is an epidermal window. This small slit of translucent tissue allows light to penetrate the inside of the leaf. This increases the available area where photosynthesis can take place. Consider this unique ornamental succulent for a houseplant or hanging basket to add interest to your indoor garden or patio. Beware that the plant's leaves and sap are slightly toxic. Avoid ingestion and wear protective gloves to prevent skin irritation. Monitor small children and pets. Seasons of Interest: Bloom: Summer, rarely flowers indoors Foliage: Year-round succulent vine with trailing stems, 1 to 2 feet tall and 1 to 3 feet long at maturity tiny, green, pea-shaped leaves about 1/4 to 1/3 inch in diameter with a small pointed tip, and a thin strip of darker green on the side of the leaf flowers are white, daisy-like, 0.5 inches in diameter, long red stamens, bright yellow stamens on 1.5-inch long peduncles flowers have a cinnamon scent fruits are multiple seeds that have a white cotton-like pappus Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Monitor for aphids, whiteflies, gnats, ants, and mealybugs. Soggy wet soil will result in root rot and the plant's demise. This plant is very particular about its growing conditions. It does not tolerate being overwatered, underwatered, or having inadequate light. Wilting leaves can occur from underwatering or overwatering. Yellow or graying leaves may be caused by insects. Scorching of the leaves can occur from direct sunlight.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 57 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 6 - Vine (vertical) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Houseplant; Succulent; Vine
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
Light
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 3 feet-6 feet
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
6 - Vine (vertical)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Cascading; Creeping
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf feel
Fleshy
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The 1/4 to 1/3 inch, succulent, pea-shaped leaves are spherical, lime green, and have a longitudinal translucent stripe. They have a small pointed tip. They grow attached to the trailing stems.
Flower color
White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Solitary; Spike
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The white pom-pom or cylindrical flowers have a cinnamon fragrance. Long red stamens and bright yellow anthers add to the showy blooms. The flowers are on 1.5-inch peduncles. The plant rarely flowers indoors.
Bloom time
Summer
Fruit detail
The flowers are followed by multiple seeds. Each seed has a white cotton-like pappus. The seeds are dispersed by the wind.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
The green trailing stems are lined with leaves.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
South Africa--Cape Provinces
Distribution
United States--used as a house plant mostly
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Defines Paths; Easy to Grow
Food & Medicine

Edibility

Toxic if ingested.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Houseplant

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants; Patio
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Rock Garden; Shade Garden
Design feature
Border; Specimen
Garden tags
#problem for dogs #problem for horses #problem for cats #succulent #houseplant #showy leaves #cascading #container plant #vine #frost tender #creeping #warm climates #dry soils tolerant #drought tolerant #humidity tolerant #fleshy leaves #low maintenance #interiorscape #hanging baskets #landscape plant sleuths course #white flowers #high maintenance
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Contact Dermatitis; Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Cats; Problem for Children; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Heat; Humidity; Rabbits
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Leaves; Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Ingestion of the leaves can cause vomiting and diarrhea. The plant's sap can cause skin irritation and rash.
Toxic principle
Pyrrolizideine alkaloid
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Leaves; Sap/Juice; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.