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Black Highbush Blueberry

Vaccinium fuscatum (vak-SIN-ee-um FUS-kah-tum)

Family: Ericaceae Native Shrub (3-15 ft)

Black Highbush Blueberries are a deciduous shrub in the heath family native to North America. It can be distinguished from other high bush blueberries by the hairs and dingy color of the underside of its leaves and its dark fruits that lack a white (glaucous) coating. Its natural habitats include bogs, pocosins, swamps, wet woods, edges of lakes, and also in uplands. Its prefers moist or wet soils that do not contain lime. Soils high in acid are ideal. It will grow in both full sun and part shade, however, full sun location will yield the most fruits. Sheltering for high winds is desirable. Not liking its roots disturbed, it can be grown in a container until its permanent position has been established. Allow the new plant to have at least one winter in an indoor location, such as a greenhouse. A shady spot in the greenhouse is ideal. Wait until the last frost before relocating to its permanent home. The large, sweet, and juicy fruits can be eaten both raw or cooked. Wildlife also enjoy the fruits. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: None noted. More information on Vaccinium .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 66 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Vaccinium corymbosum Vaccinium corymbosum 'Premier'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Native Plant; Shrub
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
Available space
3 feet-6 feet; 6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 12 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in.
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-stemmed
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Leathery
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Undersides of leaves are dingy and hairy. Veins raised and visible on the underside. The leaves may sometimes persist through the winter months.
Fall color
Brown/Copper; Gold/Yellow; Orange; Red/Burgundy
Flower color
Green; Pink; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Bell; Urn
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Early spring white bell-shaped flowers bloom on axillary racemes from February to May.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Black; Blue; Green; Pink; Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Green ripening to black fruit displays from June to August. No glaucus coating unlike other blueberry fruits.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Green; Light Brown
Bark detail
New wood is green while older wood is brown with exfoliating bark.
Stem color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
May turn red in winter
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern North America
Distribution
AL, AR, DE, KY, LA, MS, NC, NJ, SC, TN, TX, VA
Wildlife value
Attracts birds. A host plant for butterfly larvae. Special value to native bees.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Easy to Grow; Edible fruit; Textural; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

Fruits are highly edible fresh or cooked.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Meadow; Naturalized Area; Patio; Pond; Vertical Spaces; Walkways; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Edible Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Barrier; Border; Hedge; Mass Planting; Screen/Privacy
Garden tags
#deciduous shrub #upright form #deciduous #NC native #native shrub #food source herbage #larval host plant #food source nectar #food source pollen #mammals #food source summer #Piedmont Mountains FAC #Coastal FACW #food source soft mast fruit #butterfly friendly #pollinator plant #bird friendly #Audubon #edible fruits #fall interest #perennial #rain garden #edible
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Wet Soil
Propagation
Layering; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.