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Bow Willow

Chilopsis linearis (chi-LOP-sis lin-ee-AIR-iss)

Family: Bignoniaceae Unknown Understory (15-40 ft)

The desert willow is a small, flowering tree (or large shrub) native to the Desert Southwest and Mexico. It is a member of the trumpetvine family (Bignoniaceae). The common name desert willow is derived from its habitat of desert-like locations and its resemblance to the willow tree, to which it is not related. The genus name is compounded from the Greek words Cheilos -, meaning "lip," and -opsis , meaning "resemblance." The species epithet means “linear” and describes the shape of the leaves. Routine pruning during the first few years will encourage additional trunks to form. Cutting back by 1/3 during the winter dormancy period will encourage branching and blooming. Deadheading will encourage additional blooms. As it blooms on new wood, the more it is pruned, the more flowers will be produced. Desert willow is a deciduous shrub or multi-trunked, small tree with showy, fragrant. pink tubular flowers. Its native habitat includes desert streams or sandy washes as well as canyons where subsurface water can be found for a good part of the year. It is a deep-rooted plant that gets its water from the water table. Use this flowering tree as a hedge or in a drought-tolerant garden. Growing quickly as a young plant, its growth will slow down as the plant matures. This plant may show a tendency to self-seed and should be monitored closely to prevent it from escaping into nearby landscapes and becoming a weed. When grown as a shrub, it serves as a form of erosion control. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease issues. Aphids can be an occasional problem. Leaf scorch bacteria can also be an occasional problem. Its self-seeding habit makes it a poor choice in the landscape.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 67 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Catalpa bignonioides
Fills a similar niche Ptelea trifoliata Sinojackia rehderiana Viburnum prunifolium 'Summer Magic'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 15 ft. 0 in. - 25 ft. 0 in. | Width: 10 ft. 0 in. - 15 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-trunked; Open; Spreading; Weeping
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Narrow lanceolate leaves.
Flower color
Pink; Purple/Lavender; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Long Bloom Season; Showy
Flower form
Panicle; Raceme
Flower shape
Lipped; Trumpet
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Large trumpet-shaped pink, lavender or white flowers that resemble Catalpa. They flower on 2- to 4-inch panicles.
Bloom time
Fall; Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
1/4" wide seed pods that are 6" to 12" long. Winged seeds.
Bark color
Light Gray
Bark detail
Shaggy, light gray and smooth
Stem detail
Slender twigs
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Central and southwestern U.S.A., Mexico
Distribution
AZ, CA, NM, TX
Wildlife value
While in bloom, this plant will attract hummingbirds and bees.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Hummingbirds
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Colorful; Easy to Grow; Fragrance; Shade; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Capsule

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used in arid location landscape designs. Wood from the Desert Willow has been used in making bows and baskets.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Patio; Slope/Bank; Walkways
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Flowering Tree; Specimen
Garden tags
#flowering tree #large flowers #deciduous shrub #deciduous #dry soils tolerant #showy flowers #drought tolerant #deciduous tree #small tree #pink flowers #winter interest #fragrant flowers #wind dispersed seeds #large shrub #heat tolerant #showy leaves #long bloom time #butterfly garden #hummingbird friendly #wet soils intolerant #host plant #dry air tolerant #self-seeding #butterfly friendly #frost tolerant #hedge #bee friendly #poor soil tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Aphids Found on Flowers and Foliage
Resistant to
Drought; Dry Soil; Heat
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.