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Crowfootgrass

Eleusine indica (el-YOO-sy-nee IN-dih-kuh)

Family: Poaceae Non-native

Goosegrass, in the family Poaceae , is a weedy summer annual grass that has a flattened, white/silver base, leading to the common name silver crabgrass. Seedlings are generally prostrate in habit, but plants will produce upright shoots and flowering stems that can grow over the top of small plants. Its stems do not root at the nodes, making removal possible in the plants early stages. Once established, it forms a strong, fibrous root system, making removal very difficult. Goosegrass begins to germinate a few weeks after crabgrass. It thrives in disturbed areas with compacted soils in full sun such as grasslands, marshes, stream banks, farmland, and road sides. In its native habitats of tropical and subtropical locations it can quickly spread in farming locations, becoming a dominant weed, thereby effecting the crops being grown. It is the most common weed in both agricultural and environmental environments. Although somewhat more difficult to control than crabgrass, most preemergence herbicides and selective post-emergence grass herbicides labeled for use will manage goosegrass. It is able to set seeds even when closely mowed. Each plant can produce more than 50,000 plus seeds that are disbursed by the wind and rain as well as anything else coming into contact with the plant, such as machinery, animals and humans. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Aggressive, weedy plant.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 50 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Weed
Life cycle
Annual
USDA zones
8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Occasionally Dry | Occasionally Wet
NC region
Coastal
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
High
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Creeping; Erect; Horizontal; Prostrate
Texture
Fine
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; White
Leaf type
Sheath; Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate; Rosulate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
The medium to dark green leaf blades are up to 10" long and 1/4" across. They are mostly glabrous, keeled, and hull-shaped at their tips. They have a distinct white or silver base. The margins are sparsely ciliate with long crooked hairs. It tends to grow in a rosette with stems radiating outward.
Flower form
Insignificant
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Flowering spikes or culms up to 6" long are produced in a whorl and consist of 2 dense rows of sessile spikelets along one side of its central stalk.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit color
Black
Fruit type
Caryopsis
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Once the flower spikelets die, small grains of fertile lemmas are released.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
The culms are green, glabrous, and somewhat flattened and sheathed.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Africa and Asia
Distribution
Occurs throughout most of the USA and many parts of the world
Wildlife value
The foliage is a food source for several insects.
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Caryopsis

Uses (ethnobotany)

Weedy grass.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Meadow; Slope/Bank
Garden tags
#summer annual weed #high maintenance #fall interest #warm season weed #summer flowers #sedge #herbaceous annual #herbaceous #grass #heat tolerant #dry soils tolerant #weedy grass #drought tolerant #annual #self-seeding #weedy
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Compaction; Drought; Dry Soil; Heat; Poor Soil
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.