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Crucifix Orchid

Epidendrum ibaguense (ep-ih-DEN-drum ib-ah-GWEN-see)

Family: Orchidaceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

The crucifix orchid is a tropical, evergreen, herbaceous perennial member of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It is native to northern South America. In its native habitat, it is a lithophytic orchid, meaning that it grows on exposed rocks. The species epithet means “from Ibagué,” a city in Colombia, near which the species was first collected. This plant needs heat, humidity and bright sunlight to perform at its best. Although mature plants are considered to be drought tolerant, weekly watering during the warmer months and reduced watering in the cooler months will benefit this plant. Standing water or allowing it to dry out completely is discouraged. If growing this orchid in a pot, be sure it is a fast-draining mix for orchids to prevent root rot. While actively blooming it will need to be regularly fertilized. The plant grows to 3 feet tall on slender canes with tough, leathery, strap-like leaves and has terminal clusters of flowers in various colors (red, orange, yellow, pink or white) borne on long, naked stems. Aerial roots emerge from along the stems. Many of the plants in cultivation are hybrids involving this species and others, such as Epidendrum radicans , a very similar orchid with a more northerly range. The common name of crucifix orchid comes from the lower lip which looks like a small cross. This orchid is considered easy to grow, so it is a good one for beginner orchid growers to try. In southern Florida, Hawaii and other frost-free locales, this species is grown as a bedding plant for a long season of color. This orchid is not hardy, but it benefits from spending summers outdoors. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Root rot can occur from overwatering. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to turn brown. Too little light may cause the plant to become leggy and reduced flowering.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 56 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Celosia argentea Lantana camara 'Miss Huff' Salvia rosmarinus

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Epiphyte; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
Light
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 4 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Strap-like, evergreen green leaves up to 4 inches long appear along the canes.
Flower color
Orange; Pink; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Good Cut; Long Bloom Season; Long-lasting; Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Lipped
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Clusters of 20 to 30 small orchid flowers up to 1.5 inches across in a cluster bloom nearly all year in warm climates. They can be white, orange, pink or red. The inner lip is fringed.
Bloom time
Fall; Spring; Summer; Winter
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Strong green stems with gray or brown sheathes. The stems can be simple or branched.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Trinidad, French Guyana, Venezuela, Colombia and Northern Brazil
Wildlife value
Butterflies are attracted to the flowers.
Attracts
Butterflies; Pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Colorful
Food & Medicine

Uses (ethnobotany)

Houseplant or container plant.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Houseplants; Patio
Design feature
Accent; Specimen
Garden tags
#orchid #epiphytic #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #heat tolerant #red flowers #yellow flowers #humidity tolerant #full sun tolerant #pink flowers #tropical herbaceous perennial #houseplant #showy #showy flowers #cutting garden #butterfly garden #drought tolerant #tropical #deer resistant #long-lasting flowers #erect #butterfly friendly #evergreen #pollinator garden #salt spray intolerant #pollinator plant #container plant #orange flowers
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Boisduval Scale; Greenhouse Thrips; Hemispherical Scale
Other problems
False Spider Mites
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Heat; Humidity
Propagation
Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.