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Rough Hawkweed

Hieracium scabrum (hi-er-uh-KEE-um SKAY-brum)

Family: Asteraceae Native Herbaceous

Hieracium scabrum , commonly known as rough hawkweed, is a perennial wildflower in the Asteraceae or aster family. It has so many hairs that it feels rough to the touch, thus the common name rough hawkweed. It is native to the eastern half of North America, spanning from Georgia to Minnesota and north to Canada. The belief that hawks fed on this plant led naturalist Pliny to refer to this plant as hawkweed. Rough hawkweed grows in dry, sandy areas of woodland openings, ledges, woodland borders, roadsides, bluffs, slopes and prairies with access to full sun. It prefers a location with full sun, however, can also be found in semi-shaded wooded areas. These locations distinguish the native rough hawkweed from other varieties of non-native hawkweed which are found in deeply wooded areas. Its distinctive leaf shape and arrangement also make it more identifiable. The plant will produce 10 to 25 clusters of flowers that resemble dandelions. Its fruits are achenes (technically cypselas), small, single seeded, dry fruits. Small colonies of this plant can be formed by its spreading rhizomes. Although the foliage is eaten by some wildlife, it's not their top choice due to the bitter tasting latex of the foliage. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Relative problem free but watch for apids, spider mites, leaf beetles, gall wasps and caterpillars. potential diseases are powdery mildew, leaf spot and rust.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 58 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Krigia dandelion

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand; Shallow Rocky
Soil drainage
Occasionally Dry | Very Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Coarse
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate; Oblanceolate; Obovate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Smooth
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Coarse, rough hairy plant with stout red-tinged stem. The elliptical leaves scan be up to 8" long, however, become smaller as they ascend the stem. Both the upper and underside of the leaves have hairs. A milky, latex is contained in the leaves. After the stalk with alternate leaves dies down in the winter months, a small rosette of basal leaves may appear.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Radial
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Flowers appear as small dandelion-like flowers in a flat-topped cluster. Each panicle can be up to 1' long and 6" wide. Each flower head consists of 30 to 60 ray florets.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Achene
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The dark brown achene are about 1/8" long and cylindrical.
Stem color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
This plant has a light green, unbranched, leafy central stem which contains a milky latex.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern North America
Distribution
AR, CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, MO, NC, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC. TN, VA, VT, WI, WV
Wildlife value
The foliage and seeds are eaten by wild turkey and ruffed grouse. Occasionally, deer and rabbit may eat the leaves.
Attracts
Bees; Pollinators
Play value
Attracts Pollinators; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Achene

Uses (ethnobotany)

Wildflower

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Slope/Bank; Woodland
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#perennial #self-fertile #dry soils tolerant #colonizing #native perennial #native garden #milky sap #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #slopes #drought tolerant garden #pollinator garden #naturalized area
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Dry Soil
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.