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Koehne Holly

Ilex (EYE-leks keh-nee-AN-nah)

Family: Aquifoliaceae Unknown Understory (15-40 ft)

Koehne holly is an evergreen, artificial hybrid in the holly family (Aquifoliaceae). It is a cross between the European I. aquifolium and the Asian I. latifolia . The hybrid epithet honors German dendrologist and botanist Bernhard Adalbert Emil Koehne (1848–1918). Grow these plants in average, medium moisture, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Avoid proorly drained clay soils. Although they are more heat tolerant than their parents, they will do better if given some protection from the afternoon sun in hot climates and protection from winter winds. These evergreen shrubs or trees can be 6 to 25 feet tall and wide. Koehne Holly has a dense upright pyramidal shape with evergreen glossy spiny leaves and bright red berries in the fall. Female cultivars will need a male pollinizer nearby in order to set fruit. Prune in winter if needed. Use this shrub or small tree as a specimen, in small groups or as a tall screen. It is a good choice for a winter garden or a formal English garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Potential insect problems include holly leafminer, spider mites, whitefly and scale. Potential disease problems include leaf spot, leaf rot, tar spot and powdery mildew. Plants are also susceptible to leaf drop, leaf scorch and chlorosis (yellowing of leaves in high pH soils) The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common diseases and insect pests. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Ilex .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 66 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Ilex x koehneana 'Martha Berry' Ilex x koehneana 'San Jose'
Fills a similar niche Ilex 'Nellie R. Stevens' Ilex Oakland™ 'Magland' Ilex x attenuata Foster Hybrid Group

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12-24 feet; 24-60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 20 ft. 0 in. - 25 ft. 0 in. | Width: 20 ft. 0 in. - 21 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Erect; Multi-stemmed; Multi-trunked; Pyramidal
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Ovate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf feel
Glossy; Prickly
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The dark green glossy foliage is alternate on the stem. Margins are beset with spines. The underside is a lighter green, and the shape is elliptic-long to ovate, 2 to 4 by 1 to 2 inches.
Flower color
Cream/Tan; Green; White
Flower value
Fragrant
Flower form
Insignificant
Flower detail
tiny, greenish-white to creamy-white flowers bloom in May. Flowers are fragrant but generally inconspicuous
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Green; Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe
Fruit value
Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Small round berry-like fruits are green when immature but ripen to bright red in fall. They are produced on female plants and are about 1/4-inch in diameter.
Bark detail
Silver-gray bark
Stem detail
Smooth purplish buds are 0.125 inches long with an acute tip.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Wildlife value
Flowers will attract bees and the fruit is eaten by birds and small mammals.
Attracts
Bees; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Berry; Drupe
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn; Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
English Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Border; Screen/Privacy; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#evergreen shrub #specimen #dense growth #red fruits #sun #small tree #pyramidal #multistemmed #landscape plant sleuths course #bird friendly #bee friendly #partial shade tolerant #pollinizer #screen
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Leafminers of Hollies; Pests of Holly
Problems
Spines/Thorns
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Fruits
Poison symptoms
Minor toxicity. Ingestion may cause vomiting, diarrhea, or other illness in humans.
Toxic principle
Saponins
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Fruits

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.