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Bur Pine

Pinus pungens (PY-nus PUN-gens)

Family: Pinaceae Native Understory

Table Mountain Pine is a pine tree native to the Appalachian Mountains. It is typically a medium-sized tree reaching 65 feet with irregular crown and a short trunk with a diameter of 1-1.5'. It is found growing on mountains either in small stands or singly on dry, rocky slopes. The tree can begin producing cones as young as 5 years of age. It is occasionally used as an ornamental but may be difficult to find. Insect, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: This tree is susceptible to wind damage. More information on Pinus .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 51 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Pinus rigida Pinus virginiana

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Shallow Rocky
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Canopy layer
2 - Understory
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Irregular; Spreading
Foliage
Needled Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Gold/Yellow; Green
Leaf type
Needles
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Acicular
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The twisted, stiff, yellow-green needles have fine stomatal lines, are roughly 1.5-2.5" long and in closely clustered bundles of 2. They last two to three years.
Flower detail
No flowers
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
The light brown, 2.5-3" long, stout seed cones most commonly grow in clusters of three to four and a stemless or nearly so. They have a glossy surface and a knobby appearance, each scale tipped with a hooked spine. They vary on when they open, sometimes soon after ripening and other times after two to three years. They can persist on the tree for several years. Fruit displays from September to October.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Red/Burgundy
Bark detail
The irregularly plated, dark brown bark is covered with small, red-tinged scales.
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Orange
Stem detail
Twigs are orange-brown in color; buds are narrowly ovoid, light brown and often resinous.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern U.S.A., NC
Distribution
Pennsylvania west to Illinois south to Georgia
Wildlife value
This plant supports Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. This plant attracts birds, butterflies, moths, and mammals.
Attracts
Moths; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall

Uses (ethnobotany)

The wood is used for lumber, pulp, and fuel wood

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Native Garden; Nighttime Garden
Garden tags
#native tree #NC native #Braham Arboretum #evergreen #food source herbage #food source hard mast fruit #mammals #food source fall #bird friendly #Audubon #imperial moth #larval host plant #nighttime garden #butterfly friendly #wind damage prone #wildlife friendly
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Pests of Conifers; Pine Bark Beetles; Southern Pine Sawyer; Pine Engraver Beetles; Deodar Weevil / Eastern Pine Weevil
Resistant to
Drought; Dry Soil
Particularly resistant to
Drought tolerant.

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.