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Windflower

Anemonoides quinquefolia (uh-nem-on-OY-deez kwin-kway-FOH-lee-uh)

Family: Ranunculaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Wood anemone is a herbaceous perennial in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae) native to North America. It is related to and sometimes confused with the European variety that go by the same common names. When in flower, it will reach 8 and sometimes 12 inches tall. The plant spreads by underground rhizomes and spreads up to 1 foot in a thick mat. Wood anemone likes fertile, moist, well-drained, acidic soil in part shade to dappled shade. Propagation is by division and seeds. The spring flowers are white or sometimes pink with usually 5 petals surrounding a green center with numerous white-tipped stamens. The flowers close at night or during a cloudy day. The compound leaves occur in a whorl of three and can be lobed or deeply divided. They can take up to 5 years to begin flowering. Use wood anemone as a ground cover for shady areas or woodland gardens with deciduous trees. They will attract bees to a native pollinator garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems. Watch for powdery mildew and leaf spot. Spider mites and aphids are potential pests. Keeping the soil moist helps prevent problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 59 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 9 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 10 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Creeping; Dense; Spreading
Texture
Fine
Leaf color
Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate; Whorled
Leaf shape
Orbicular
Leaf margin
Lobed; Serrate
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Alternate or whorled, finely divided compound leaves. More specifically, it has a terminal whorl of three leaves divided into three to five narrow, sharply toothed segments. The basal leaves may not be present at flowering time. Leaflets are up to 2 inches long and bright green to purplish green. and nearly round in outline.
Flower color
Pink; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Cup; Radial
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
1-in. terminal flower with 5 to 7 white, petal-like sepals. Although mainly white, the flowers can have a pink or purple flush. They are cup-shaped with 5-many petal-like parts and many stamens. Flowers bloom from March to May.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit type
Achene
Fruit detail
This plant has small round head of beaked oval seeds 1/8" long often with plumose tails. Displays from June to July.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Slender green stalk may have hairs.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Central & E. Canada to N. Central & E. U.S.A
Wildlife value
Flowers attract bees
Attracts
Bees
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Achene
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Meadow; Naturalized Area; Woodland
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; Native Garden; Shade Garden
Design feature
Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#red flowers #yellow-green #green flowers #yellow flowers #low growing #purple #purple flowers #poisonous #NC native #spring interest #summer flowers #Piedmont Mountains FACU #Coastal FACU #food source nectar #food source pollen #food source summer #Audubon #flowers early spring #flowers late spring #partial shade tolerant #honey bees #shade garden #white flowers #flowers mid-spring #perennial #NC Native Pollinator Plant #woodland #wildflower #thicket
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Contact Dermatitis; Poisonous to Humans
Resistant to
Deer
Propagation
Division; Root Cutting; Seed
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Seeds; Stems
Poison symptoms
Toxic only if eaten in large quantities. All parts when fresh. Symptoms may include: Inflammation and blistering upon contact with fresh sap; irritation of mouth, vomiting and diarrhea following ingestion.
Toxic principle
Protoanemonin
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Seeds; Stems; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.