Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Salvia

Salvia splendens (SAL-vee-ah SPLEN-denz)

Family: Lamiaceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Scarlet sage is a tender perennial in the mint family (Lamiaceae) native to Brazil that is grown as an annual in North Carolina. It grows from 1 to 3 feet high and 8 to 10 inches wide. The specific epithet is Latin for “splendid.” This low-maintenance plant prefers full sun to part shade and well-drained soil. It is not drought-tolerant, but it needs warmth. It can also be grown in containers, alone or in combination with other flowering annuals and perennials. Propagate scarlet sage by stem cuttings or seeds. Do not cover the seeds, as they need light to germinate. Flowers are typically red, and bloom a long time, from summer to frost. Cultivars are available in various shades of red, pink, purple, lavender and white. Scarlet sage flowers are extra-colorful because the calyx is as colorful as the corolla. The tubular, showy flowers attract butterflies and hummingbirds, but many of the cultivars bred for bedding have no nectar and are not a useful resource for pollinators. Scarlet sage is a classic bedding annual, and it is widely used in commercial bedding displays. Home gardeners can use scarlet sage in the middle of beds or borders or use their bright cherry red blooms to provide an accent in a cottage or pollinator garden. The flowers can also add interest indoors if scarlet sage is added to a cutting garden. Compact selections are good for edging and in containers. Quick ID Terminal clusters of scarlet, pink, white or purple flowers Calyx is two-lipped and colorful Corolla is elongate-tubular, upper lobes overtop lower Opposite ovate leaves extend from square twigs Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: In the landscape, scarlet sage is relatively pest-free. Potential problems for scarlet sage in greenhouse production include damping-off of seedlings, powdery mildew, botrytis, aphids, spider mites and whiteflies. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Salvia .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Salvia farinacea Salvia yangii
Fills a similar niche Petunia x hybrida Salvia farinacea Salvia rosmarinus
Native alternatives Physostegia virginiana

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual; Herbaceous Perennial
Life cycle
Annual; Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
Less than 12 inches
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 8 in. - 0 ft. 10 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Crenate
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
opposite, petiolate, ovate, crenate, short acuminate, rotund to subcordate, glabrate
Flower color
Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Good Cut; Long Bloom Season; Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Lipped; Tubular
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Flowers are most commonly red to scarlet, but other colors are available. Calyx scarlet, zygomorphic, 2-lipped, persisting in fruit with color fading; corolla scarlet, elongate tubular, to 1.3 inches long, ephemeral, short-lived, upper lobes longer than lower lobes. Inflorescence is a terminal verticillate raceme bearing whorls of 2-6-flowered clusters.
Bloom time
Fall; Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Black
Fruit type
Schizocarp
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Schizocarp has 4 lobes that separate into 4 single-seeded nutlets.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Erect, 8-30" tall square stems
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Brazil
Wildlife value
Flowers attract hummingbirds and butterflies.
Attracts
Butterflies; Hummingbirds; Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Schizocarp
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden; Fairy Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#hummingbird friendly #well-drained soil #cottage garden #showy flowers #red flowers #nectar plant #border planting #pollinator plant #fantz #deer resistant #fall interest #spring interest #butterfly friendly #summer flowers #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #wilson mg plant sale 2021 #container plant #white flowers #long bloom time #nectar plant early summer #cutting garden #nectar plant mid-summer #nectar plant late summer #nectar plant early fall #annual #wildlife friendly #drought intolerant #bedding plants #fairy garden #fpp
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Bandedwinged Whitefly on Ornamentals; Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants; Twospotted Spider Mites on Landscape Plants
Disease problems
Southern Bacterial Wilt on Herbaceous Ornamental Plants; Southern Blight of Herbaceous Ornamentals
Propagation
Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.