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Black Snakeroot

Sanicula canadensis (sa-NIK-yoo-la ca-na-DEN-sis)

Family: Apiaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Canadian black snakeroot is a low-growing herbaceous perennial in the carrot family (Apiaceae). It is native to woodlands across eastern North America, the Midwest and the Great Plains. The species epithet is Latin and means β€œof Canada,” where it was first recorded by European botanists. Plant in partial shade or shade, in moist, well-drained, humus-rich soils. A location with morning sun would also be suitable. Canadian black snakeroot does not have showy flowers, nor are they particularly attractive to insects, although Halictid bees and Syrphid flies are known to visit the flowers. The massive, bur-like, inferior ovaries overwhelm the tiny, green flowers. The fruits dry and detach as burs and entangle in clothing and, most troublesome, in the fur of dogs. Canadian black snakeroot is a groundcover, useful for the native plant garden. This plant can become weedy, self-seeding where it is not wanted, so use caution when introducing it to a garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No serious insect or disease problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 48 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Zizia aurea
Similar, less problematic Zizia aptera Zizia aurea Zizia trifoliata

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Spreading
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf feel
Papery
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Hairs present
No
Flower color
Green
Flower form
Umbel
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The flowers are insignificant and not showy.
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Achene; Schizocarp
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The fruit is a 2-seeded bur. It can become attached to clothing, hair and fur.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Wildlife value
This species is the preferred host of the aphid Aphis saniculae.
Attracts
Bees; Pollinators
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Achene; Schizocarp
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Native Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#problem for dogs #herbaceous perennial #NC Native Pollinator Plant #groundcover #NC native #weedy
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Problem for Dogs; Weedy
Resistant to
Deer; Diseases; Heavy Shade; Insect Pests
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.