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Christmas Cactus

Schlumbergera russelliana (shlum-BUR-gher-ah rus-sel-lee-AY-nah)

Family: Cactaceae Unknown Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Christmas cactus is a species of succulent epiphytes that is a member of the cactus family (Cactaceae). It is native to coastal mountains in Southeastern Brazil and usually grows in trees or on rocks in the rain forests. It has leafless green stems which act as leaves to photosynthesize. This plant was introduced in England in 1839, and the specific epithet, russelliana , honors a British politician and plant collector, John Russell, the 6th Duke of Bedford. The Christmas cactus prefers bright indirect light, and well-drained mixture of peat moss, perlite, and coarse sand or loam. Water the plant only when the top 1 inch of the soil feels dry, but do not overwater. They will do best if given time outdoors in the summer through fall. The shorter cooler days of fall will help induce flower budding. They prefer humidity of 50 to 60% and moderate temperatures between 60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. Provide good air circulation, and avoid cold drafts, freezing temperatures, and direct sunlight. It may be propagated by stem cuttings. The green stems are composed of flattened segments with teardrop, scalloped margins and vary in length from 0.5 to 1.5 inches long and 0.5 to 0.75 inches wide. A few notches occur along the edges of the segments. Areoles with 1 or 2 bristles appear at the notches and at the ends of stems where the flower buds appear. The showy flowers point downward and are tubular-shaped, measuring up to 2 inches long and 1.6 inches wide, and are fuchsia pink and have many stamens. They have the appearance of a "flower in a flower." Blooming typically occurs in the late fall or winter. The fruits are green, spherical, and ribbed and contain dark brown seeds. Most of the plants sold in stores today are the sterile hybrids ( S. x buckleyi ) of Christmas cactus ( S. russelliana ) and Thanksgiving cactus ( S. truncata ). There are over 200 cultivars of these plants giving a variety of flower colors. The Christmas cactus is a popular houseplant and can thrive for many years. Its striking blooms will brighten your home for the holidays. Quick ID Hints: Green stems that are flattened segments with teardrop or scalloped margins Few notches occur along the edges with areoles containing 1 or 2 bristles at the notches and at the end of the stems Tubular-shaped flowers, up to 2 inches long with purplish-brown anthers Green spherical, ribbed fruits Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Monitor for pests such as mealybugs and scale. Potential diseases include fungal infections such as gray mold and powdery mildew, and root rot from overwatering. VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Houseplants, Succulents, and Cacti," a plant identification course created in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Schlumbergera .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 46 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri Schlumbergera truncata Schlumbergera x buckleyi
Fills a similar niche Schlumbergera Schlumbergera truncata Schlumbergera x buckleyi

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Epiphyte; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant; Succulent
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Erect; Rounded; Weeping
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf detail
No leaves. See stem information.
Flower color
Orange; Pink; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Tubular
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
The flowers are 1.5 to 2-inches long, terminal, hang downward, and have stamens protruding from the back-swept petals. The flowers are fuchsia pink or shades of pink, red, purple, yellow and white depending on the cultivar.
Bloom time
Fall; Winter
Fruit color
Gold/Yellow; Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
The fruit is yellow-green with 4-5 ribs and contain tiny black seeds.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Segmented flattened green stems with scattered notches along the edges. Margins can be crenate to serrate. Stems tend to arch downward as they grow in length and flower. Bases can become woody with age. The stem is capable of photosynthesis.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Southeastern Brazil
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Easy to Grow
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants
Garden tags
#succulent #showy flowers #epiphytic #fall flowers #white flowers #pink flowers #hanging baskets #red flowers #Christmas decorations #winter flowers #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #houseplant #container plant #pet friendly #long lived #humidity tolerant #drought tolerant #dry soils tolerant #arching
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Mealybugs Found on Flowers and Foliage; Scale Insects Found on Flowers and Foliage
Resistant to
Drought; Dry Soil; Humidity
Propagation
Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.