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Catgut

Tephrosia virginiana (tef-ROH-see-uh vir-jin-ee-AN-uh)

Family: Fabaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

The common names tell its history. Goat's Rue was fed to goats to increase milk production. It is no longer used as a feed for goats due to it containing rotenone which is now used as a pesticide. It is also used as fish poison, which is produced by pounding the roots. Another common name, Devil's Shoestring, refers to its long stringy roots. This member of the pea family has upright to sprawling stems. It is native to dry, open woods, and best grown from seed as its deep root system makes dividing and transplanting rarely successful. The flowers resemble bi-colored sweet pea, lemon-yellow to rose. Its upper petals and pale yellow, while the lower petals are pink. It begins to bloom in the spring and continues into the summer. After the flowers have bloomed, seed pods are formed. They can reach lengths of 3". Growing this plant will add nitrogen to your soil. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Toxic to insects and fish.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 68 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Amorpha canescens

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 9 in. - 1 ft. 6 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Mounding
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Gray/Silver; Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Oblong
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
The green/gray-green leaves have 8 to 15 pairs of leaflets. They are covered with soft white hairs that give them a silvery tone. The underside has more hair than the upper leaf.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Pink
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The 0.75 in. flowers have a yellow standard petal often flushed with pink and a rose-pink keel. They bloom in clusters from May to June.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The seedpods replace the flowers. Starting out green, they will turn brown. Displays from July to October.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Like the foliage, the upright, sprawling stems are covered with soft white hairs that give them a silvery tone.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern Us and Canada
Distribution
AL, AR, CT, DC, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, KA, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, BC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, TN, TX, VA, WI, WV
Wildlife value
This plant supports Southern Cloudywing (Thorybes bathyllus) larvae, which has two broods (possibly three) from June-early October, and Northern Cloudywing (Thorybes pylades) larvae, which broods a little earlier than May-July. The adults of these butterflies feed on the nectar of blue, purple, pink, or white flowers from a variety of species. Attracts butterflies, bees, moths, and birds.
Attracts
Bees; Butterflies; Moths; Pollinators; Songbirds
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Colorful; Shade; Wildlife Food Source; Wildlife Larval Host
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Summer

Edibility

Not edible

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Naturalized Area; Small Space; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting; Small groups
Garden tags
#poisonous #native perennial #native garden #spring interest #summer flowers #pink flowers #food source fall #food source herbage #food source nectar #food source pollen #food source summer #butterfly friendly #bird friendly #Audubon #northern cloudywing butterfly #southern cloudywing butterfly #larval host plant #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #showy flowers #dry soils tolerant #drought tolerant #bicolor #perennial flowers #deer resistant #pollinator plant #moth friendly #perennial #wildlife friendly #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #wildflower #poor soil tolerant
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans
Resistant to
Deer; Diseases; Drought; Dry Soil; Insect Pests; Poor Soil
Propagation
Seed
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Roots; Stems
Poison symptoms
toxic to insects and fish
Toxic principle
Tephrosin
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Roots; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.