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Common Grape

Vitis vinifera (VEE-tiss vih-NIFF-er-ah)

Family: Vitaceae Non-native Vine (vertical)

The common grape is a member of the grape family (Vitaceae) native to Europe and central Asia. It is a woody, deciduous vine and is the most common kind of grape sold as fresh fruit in grocery stores. The genus name is Latin for the old world vineyard grape, while the specific epithet means “wine-bearing.” The common grape prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It should be grown in a location where it is protected from winter winds and frost. A healthy plant needs good circulation. The hot and humid summers of the southern states negatively affect fruit production. To get the most out of this plant, support and training for the climbing structure should be provided. A regular spraying and pruning routine should be followed. The flowers, leaves and fruit can be eaten. A fully ripened fruit is delicious, being both sweet and juicy. It can be concentrated and used as a sweetener. Wine is also made from the fruit, as well as being dried as raisins or currants. An oil similar to sunflower oil may be made from the seeds. Besides wine production, the common grape may also be grown as a specimen plant, on a pergola to provide shade for a patio, as a privacy screen or barrier, and used in an edible garden. The exposed vine with peeling bark in winter makes it an attractive addition to a winter garden. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: This plant is particularly susceptible to grape phylloxera. This insect damages roots and disrupts water and nutrient intake which results in loss of leaf surface area, yield reduction and total demise of the plant over a period of 4 to 7 years. Diseases include gray mold, crown gall, botrytis bunch rot, black rot, downy mildew and powdery mildew. Other insect problems can include mealybugs, flea beetles, leaf hopper, leaf roller, Japanese beetle and grape berry moth. VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Vegetables, Herbs, Fruits, and Nuts," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 68 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 6 - Vine (vertical) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Native alternatives Vitis riparia Vitis rotundifolia

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Vine
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet; 12-24 feet; 24-60 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Maintenance
High
Canopy layer
6 - Vine (vertical)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Climbing
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Ovate
Leaf margin
Dentate; Lobed
Leaf value
Edible
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Large palmately lobed leaves, 3-5 in long with defined teeth. Undersides may be slightly fuzzy. Tendrils at each node opposite the leaves.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Insignificant
Flower value
Edible; Fragrant
Flower form
Panicle
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Numerous pendulous clusters of tiny non-showy flowers.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Black; Green; Purple/Lavender; Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Clusters of oval-shaped berries. Depending on the cultivar, they may be anywhere from green to red to deep purple in color. The skin surface has a glaucous coating. Some cultivars are bred to be seedless.
Bark color
Dark Brown
Bark detail
The flaky bark peels off in fibrous strips.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
The beauty of the vine can be seen in winter, when leaves, fruit and blooms are absent. The growth habit make it an attractive addition to a winter garden.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Mediterranean, Central Europe and southwestern Asia
Play value
Edible fruit; Textural
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

Fruits edible raw, cooked, or dried to make raisins. Some cultivars are grown to be fermented and used to make wine and vinegar.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used in food and winemaking

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Patio; Vertical Spaces
Landscape theme
Edible Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Barrier; Border; Screen/Privacy; Specimen
Garden tags
#woody vine #edible fruits #ebh-fn #ebh #vhfn-f #vhfn #showy fruits #dried fruits #wine making #vine #hortcontest
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Green June Bug in North Carolina Grapes; Mealybugs; The Redbanded Leafhopper on Ornamental Plants; Grape Phylloxera in North Carolina Grapes; Spider Mites in North Carolina Grapes
Disease problems
Grapevine Virus Distribution, Identification, and Management in North Carolina
Other problems
The North Carolina Winegrape Grower’s Guide; Prevention and Management of Frost Injury in Wine Grapes
Problems
Frequent Disease Problems; Frequent Insect Problems; Messy
Propagation
Grafting; Leaf Cutting; Root Cutting; Stem Cutting
Fire risk
high flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.