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Atamasca Lily

Zephyranthes atamasco (zeh-fir-AN-theez at-uh-MAS-koh)

Family: Amaryllidaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Rain lily is a native onion-like perennial bulb in the Amaryllidaceae (lily) family that is native to SE USA and NC in mainly the coastal and Piedmont areas. In nature, it is found bottomland forests and adjacent road shoulders, wet meadows, and sometimes in upland forests over mafic rocks. The name zephros is Greek for west wind and anthos means flower. Plant in full sun to partial shade in moist to wet organically rich soils. Occasionally add some leaf mold to the soil. It will tolerate seasonal flooding and will bloom best if it receives at least 2 hours of direct sunlight a day. This bulb is frost sensitive so only thrives in areas that do not have deep winter freezes. The foliage is grass-like and may be easy to miss with no blooms. The showy fragrant trumpet flowers are white, sometimes tinged with pink in the spring. They can be a welcome bright spot in an otherwise shady landscape planting. It can spread from bulb offsets to form colonies. The plant goes dormant in summer so plan for the space in the landscape. Rain lily was selected as the 2010 NC Wildflower of the Year , a program managed by the North Carolina Botanical Garden with some financial support from the Garden Club of North Carolina.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Bulb; Perennial
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Grass-like leaves are glossy green, linear, flat to somewhat concave, up to 1/2 inch wide and one foot in length.
Flower color
Pink; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Head
Flower shape
Trumpet
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
3 in. long erect, waxy, lily-like white flowers that turn pink with age; borne singly on 12-inch stems. Bloom from March to April.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Fruits are thin-walled, dry capsules with shiny black seeds from May to June.
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Hollow, green, leafless flower stalks about 12 inches tall.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
SE USA
Distribution
AL, FL, GA, MD, MS, NC, SC, VA
Attracts
Pollinators; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Container; Meadow; Naturalized Area; Near Septic; Pond; Riparian; Small Space; Woodland
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden; Rain Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#bulb #white flowers #poisonous #native garden #food source spring #Piedmont Mountains FACW #food source herbage #food source nectar #food source pollen #Coastal FACW #showy flowers #fragrant flowers #large flowers #problem for cats #problem for dogs #problem for horses #Audubon #NC Wildflower of the Year #native wildflower #wet soils tolerant #perennial #meadow #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #wildflower
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Cats; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Wet Soil
Propagation
Division; Seed
Poison severity
High
Poison parts
Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Stems
Poison symptoms
May be fatal if eaten though it is so bitter it I difficult to ingest enough. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Toxic principle
Alkaloids lycorine and others
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
High severity poison; parts: Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.