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Zinnia

Zinnia marylandica (ZIN-ya mar-i-LAND-ih-ka)

Family: Asteraceae Unknown Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Zinnia is an erect, annual herb in the Asteraceae (daisy) family. This plant is native to Mexico and the southwestern United States and grows 1 to 2 feet tall and 6 inches to 1 foot wide. Zinnia grows in full sun to partial shade in soils ranging from clay and sand to organic and loamy. This plant needs good drainage and moist conditions. Zinnia is easy to start from seed indoors in spring or outdoors after the chance of frost has passed. It is also commonly available from greenhouses in 6-packs. Deadhead to prolong the bloom season. It is resistant to powdery mildew. This low-maintenance, heat- and drought-tolerant, colorful annual is a must for the garden. Its showy, yellow or orange flowers bloom from summer until the first frost and make excellent cut flowers. Plants are compact and bushier than standard varieties. Place this plant as an accent in the front and center of the border, in containers, or anywhere long-lasting blooms are desired. Mass planting is encouraged for borders or walkways in butterfly, pollinator, drought-tolerant, and cottage gardens. Quick ID Hints: Stem and leaves are green Leaf type is simple Leaf arrangement is opposite Leaves have smooth margins Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Ensure proper spacing between plants to prevent powdery mildew and keep them disease-free. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common zinnia insect pests and diseases. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for " Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers " a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 53 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Zinnia angustifolia
Fills a similar niche Buddleja Lo & Behold® 'Pink Micro Chip' Echinacea purpurea 'Mellow Yellows' Zinnia haageana

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual
Life cycle
Annual
USDA zones
11a, 11b, 12a, 12b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Oblanceolate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Bright green simple opposite, lanceolate to ovate leaves with smooth margins.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Orange
Flower value
Good Cut; Long Bloom Season; Showy
Flower form
Head
Flower shape
Radial
Flower detail
Showy yellow or orange flowers that bloom from summer until the first frost and make excellent cut flowers.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Achene
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Mexico, southwestern USA
Wildlife value
Attract butterflies and other pollinators
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Attracts Pollinators; Colorful; Defines Paths; Easy to Grow; Textural
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Achene
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Patio; Small Space; Walkways
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #annual flowers #heat tolerant #drought tolerant #cutting garden #showy flowers #yellow flowers #orange flowers #low maintenance #mildew resistant #long bloom time #pollinator plant #border front #flowers mid-summer #flowers early fall #flowers late summer #container plant #cottage garden #butterfly friendly #annual #patio #accent #walkway
Problems & Resistance
Disease problems
Southern Bacterial Wilt on Herbaceous Ornamental Plants; Southern Blight of Herbaceous Ornamentals
Resistant to
Diseases; Drought; Heat
Particularly resistant to
Powdery mildew
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.