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Common Box

Buxus sempervirens (BUK-sus sem-per-VEE-renz)

Family: Buxaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

‘Vardar Valley’ boxwood is a woody, broadleaf evergreen, perennial shrub or tree in the Buxaceae (boxwood) family. It is is one of the most cold hardy cultivars of boxwood and has distinctive blue-green leaves. While this dense, mounding shrub can grow 2 to 3 feet in height and 3 to 6 feet in width it only puts on an average of 2 inches a year. Plant in well-drained sandy or clay soil in full sun to partial shade. Avoid areas where drainage is poor as this can lead to root rot. Morning sun is best. Plants grown in full shade suffer in appearance with more sparse foliage. When growing in full sun be mindful of leaf scorch, especially if plants receive reflected heat from hardscape elements. Protect from winter winds which can cause dehydration and bronzing. Protect shallow roots with a heavy layer of mulch and avoid cultivation around the shallow roots as this can damage the plant. Pruning is tolerated, even heavy pruning but only after the last frost as the new growth is tender and can be easily damaged by cold temperatures. ‘The new growth on Vardar Valley’ boxwood is powdery blue-green fading to deep green. Pale green or gold non-showy flowers appear in the spring with a delicate fragrance that attracts bees. Plants are resistant to deer and rabbits along with insect pests like leaf miners and mites and the disease boxwood blight. 'Vadar Valley' has branches that extend to the ground making it a good choice for a border front. Plant it in small groups or prune it into topiaries in formal English or cottage gardens. Use it along foundations or shear it into a low narrow hedge. This plant can be grown in large containers on a patio or dot it along a sloped area in the landscape. Its evergreen foliage makes a nice addition to a winter garden or a rock garden, and its heady fragrant flowers or a pollinator garden. Quick ID Hints: The leaf is glossy with a smooth leathery feel. Leaf color is a bluish green. The leaf is elliptical or oblong and simple. Leaf arrangement is opposite. Stem has a square shape instead of round. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Boxwood psyllids are occasional insect problems. Susceptible to leaf spot. New growth is easily damaged by late frosts. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common boxwood insect pests and diseases. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Trees, Shrubs and Conifers," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Buxus sempervirens .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 59 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Buxus microphylla Buxus sempervirens 'Aureovariegata' Buxus sempervirens 'Suffruticosa'
Native alternatives Ilex glabra Ilex vomitoria
Similar, less problematic Distylium Viburnum obovatum 'Raulston Hardy'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Shrub; Tree
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
12 inches-3 feet; 3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 3 ft. 0 in. - 6 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Mounding
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Blue; Gold/Yellow; Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Oblong
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery; Smooth
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leathery green leaves, holds color in winter. Green/blue on top of leaf, yellow on bottom.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Green
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Pale green non-showy
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Dehiscent capsule 1/3" long that matures to brown.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Attracts
Bees
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Slope/Bank; Walkways
Landscape theme
Pollinator Garden; Rock Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Border; Foundation Planting; Hedge; Mass Planting; Small groups; Specimen
Garden tags
#evergreen #rabbit resistant #foundation planting #formal garden #specimen #bonsai #topiary #mass planting #winter interest #deer resistant #fragrant flowers #problem for cats #problem for dogs #problem for horses #bee friendly #English garden #small spaces #cottage garden #slow growing #low hedge #container plant #slopes #border front #frost tolerant #hedge #accent #small groups
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Boxwood Mite; Boxwood Psyllid; Boxwood Pest Management Calendar; Pests of Boxwood; Oystershell Scale Insect on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Problem for Cats; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Deer; Diseases; Insect Pests; Rabbits
Particularly resistant to
Boxwood blight
Poison severity
Low
Poison symptoms
Dogs and cats: vomiting, diarrhea; Horses: colic, diarrhea, respiratory failure, seizures
Toxic principle
Alkaloids
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.