Students for Stewardship The Cork Board
← Back to the library

Bunny Cactus

Cephalocereus senilis (sef-uh-low-SEE-ree-us see-NIL-is)

Family: Cactaceae Unknown Canopy (>40 ft)

Old man cactus is a tall, columnar succulent shrub or tree that is found in the desert or dry shrubland. It is a member of the cactus family (Cactaceae) and has spines that form fine white hairs that are reminiscent of an old man. It is native to Northeastern Mexico but is becoming more challenging to find in its natural habitat. Widespread propagation and popularity in cultivation may reduce the demand on the wild populations. The old man cactus is a popular houseplant and grown for its woolly appearance. The epithet is Latin for "old man." It prefers a fertile, well-drained soil mix and bright sunlight which encourages the growth of the hair. Water the plants well and allow them to dry out before rewatering. Using an unglazed pot for your indoor planting will allow the excess moisture to evaporate. During the growing season, fertilize it monthly with a balanced fertilizer. If kept well-fed and watered throughout the warmest months, and acclimated to full sun, it can produce 7 inches of growth every year. If grown outside, place it in the full sun. If grown indoors, provide bright light and some direct sun. During the winter water and fertilizer should be withheld. This plant is hardy in USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 9 to 11. The plant will need frost and freeze protection. Old man cactus has clusters of stems that may grow to 16 to 40 feet tall; however, the most striking feature is its shaggy coat of long white hairs, hence the common name "old man cactus." The coat is particularly striking on the young cactus, but, as the plant ages, the stem loses its covering. The hairs are modified spines and serve to protect the plant from frost and sun by reflecting the rays of the sun and insulating the cactus from heat and cold. The hairs are only the radial spines of the cactus; beneath them are sharp yellow central spines. The solitary, nocturnal flowers are red, yellow, or white. The plant may not flower for 10 or 20 years or until the plant is over 15 feet tall. The fruits appear 3 to 4 weeks after flowering and are obovoid and rose colored. Growing to heights of 40 feet in the wild, when grown as a houseplant it will typically reach a maximum height of 3-4 feet tall. It can take upwards of 200 years for this plant to reach it full height when situated in its natural habitat. For added interest and its unusual wooly appearance, consider adding the old man cactus to your rock or succulent garden. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: Mealybugs, scale and other flying insects can be an issue because they are difficult to view due to the hairs present on the plant. It is susceptible to fungal diseases such as root rot, if overwatered. If kept damp through cold periods, they will suffer. When moving a houseplant from the house to the outdoors, too much light too soon can cause the plant to become sunburned. Place the plant outdoors for a brief period of time, then gradually increase the sun exposure over a period of several weeks. This will allow the plant to adjust to the increased sunlight.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 52 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 1 - Canopy (>40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Austrocylindropuntia subulata 'Cristata' Echinopsis oxygona Salvia rosmarinus

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Houseplant; Perennial; Succulent
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 40 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
1 - Canopy (>40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Columnar; Erect
Texture
Coarse
Hairs present
No
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Solitary
Flower shape
Funnel
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Flowers are nocturnal and may not appear until the cactus has reached 10 to 20 years old. They are solitary, funnel shaped with an ovary, measure 2 to 3.5 inches long and 3 inches in diameter, and yellowish pink to rose-coloured. The floral tubes are hairy.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit color
Black; Pink; Red/Burgundy
Fruit size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Fruit detail
The fruit are rarely formed if grown as a houseplant. They are obovoid, about 1 inch long, and rose colored. The seeds are numerous and black, and will be dispersed by birds. Fruits will form 3 to 4 weeks after flowering.
Stem color
Gray/Silver; Green
Stem detail
The stems are cylindrical, columnar, light to bright green, becoming gray, 12 inches in diameter, and sometimes branched from the base with a rounded top. The individual stems are usually unbranched. The aeroles are about 1/4 inch long and equally as wide. The aeroles at the base of the old plants produce 20 to 30 white or grayish bristles. On the developing plants, the bristles are shorter and are mixed with a dense wool. The central spines are stout and yellowish-gray.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
North Eastern Mexico to Veracruz
Distribution
Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast
Wildlife value
House finch eat the fruits and seeds.
Play value
Easy to Grow
Food & Medicine

Uses (ethnobotany)

Typically used as a houseplant/container plant.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Houseplants; Patio
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden; Rock Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Foundation Planting; Specimen
Garden tags
#houseplant #cactus #interiorscape #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #spines #succulent #heat tolerant #rabbit resistant #frost tender #showy #rocky soils tolerant #dry soils tolerant #drought tolerant #summer interest #disease resistant #wet soils intolerant #spring interest #dry air tolerant #fall interest #insect resistant #winter interest #deer resistant #evergreen #long lived
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Mealybugs Found on Flowers and Foliage; Scale Insects Found on Flowers and Foliage
Problems
Spines/Thorns
Resistant to
Deer; Diseases; Drought; Dry Soil; Insect Pests; Rabbits
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.