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Corn Plant

Dracaena fragrans (dra-SEE-nah FRAY-granz)

Family: Asparagaceae Non-native Shrub (3-15 ft)

Corn plant is a slow-growing, broadleaf evergreen, perennial shrub in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). Its native home is tropical Africa, but it is widely grown as a houseplant or interiorscape plant in the United States and elsewhere. It is commonly called a corn plant because of the resemblance of the tall, unbranched stem to a stalk of corn with many broad, strap-like leaves. The species epithet refers to the sweetly fragrant flowers. Keep it in bright to moderate, filtered light. Direct sun can burn the foliage, but if light levels are too low, the leaves will narrow. Keep the soil moist during the growing season but cut back on the water in the winter. Grow it in commercial potting soil in a pot with drainage holes. Repot it into a larger pot when the plant starts to lift out of the pot or send roots out of the drainage hole. Leaves can turn brown at the tips if indoor humidity is too low. A humidifier may help to prevent leaf tip browning, especially in the winter when the house is heated. Keep the temperature above 50 degrees F if possible. Corn plants thrive in temperatures of 70 to 80 degrees F. Propagate by stem cuttings. Numerous cultivars of the corn plant are available. The plain-green, wild-type is less commonly seen than those with white or lime-green longitudinal stripes on the leaves. The cultivar ‘Janet Craig’ has shorter leaves borne on more compact stems. The flowers are borne in clusters on long stalks. They are infrequently produced but make their presence known by their very strong nocturnal fragrance. In tropical climates, cultivars of this species are used as landscape plants as specimens, filler, screens, or hedges. In the temperate zone, the corn plant is a houseplant or interiorscape plant. Quick ID Hints: Indoor shrub with spirally arranged leaves Leaves linear-lanceolate, 1 to 4 inches wide and 12 to 18 inches long The woody stem is tan and about 2 inches in diameter. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: I t is susceptible to thrips and mealybugs. It is sensitive to fluorides and built-up salts, so if leaves turn brown, try watering with non-fluoridated water and flush salts monthly. VIDEO Created by Laura Barth for "Houseplants, Succulents, and Cacti," a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Dracaena .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 61 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Cordyline fruticosa Dracaena reflexa var. angustifolia Dracaena sanderiana Zea mays

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Houseplant; Perennial; Shrub
Life cycle
Annual; Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
3 feet-6 feet; 6-feet-12 feet
Mature size
Height: 3 ft. 0 in. - 14 ft. 6 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect; Multi-trunked
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Variegated; White
Leaf type
Sheath; Simple
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Linear; Oblanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are glossy green and can be variegated with white or yellow. They grow up to 18 in long, and 3 to 5 in wide. Leaves droop as they get longer. Crowded, arranged spirally, sessile, clasping to sheathing, simple, linear-lanceolate, acute, entire, prominent midrib, all green or with medial yellow or white stripe(s). The foliage looks similar to corn leaves.
Flower color
Pink; Red/Burgundy; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Star
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Flowers appear in panicles 6–60 in. long. Individual flowers are an inch in diameter, with a six-lobed corolla, starting out as pink, opening white with a fine red or purple central line on each of the lobes. The flowers are highly fragrant at night. Rarely blooms as a house plant.
Fruit color
Orange; Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The fruit is a small orange-red berry. Rarely blooms or fruits as a house plant.
Stem detail
Unbranched, woody stem
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Tropical Africa
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Berry
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Houseplants
Design feature
Hedge; Screen/Privacy; Specimen
Garden tags
#houseplant #slow growing #fragrant flowers #showy leaves #air pollution tolerant #interiorscape #low light #glossy leaves #striped leaves #exotic looking #fantz #problem for cats #ebh-h #ebh #problem for dogs #problem for horses #tropical feel #tropical #container plant #shade garden #hsc #hsc-f #problem for children #poisonous if ingested #fpp
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Longtailed Mealybug; Banded Greenhouse Thrips; Mealybugs; Fern Scale Insect
Problems
Problem for Cats; Problem for Children; Problem for Dogs; Problem for Horses
Resistant to
Heat; Humidity; Pollution
Propagation
Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice; Stems
Poison symptoms
Toxic, if ingested, by cats, dogs, and humans: mouth irritation, stomach irritation, vomiting, loss of appetite depression, drooling, difficulty breathing. The sap may cause skin irritation.
Toxic principle
saponin
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.