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Scarlett Strawberry

Fragaria virginiana (frah-GAR-ee-ah vir-jin-ee-AN-uh)

Family: Rosacea Native Groundcover (<1 ft)

Scarlett Strawberry, also called Wild Strawberry, is a herbaceous, flowering, perennial and a member of the Fragaria genus, a large collection on plants producing edible fruit. The plant has a low profile of about 5 inches by 2 feet wide and spreads by runners making it useful as a groundcover as well as a provider of edible fruit. It can also be used as erosion control holding soil on slopes. The plant is native to North America, from Newfoundland and Alberta in Canada, south to Georgia, Tennessee, and Oklahoma in the United States. The genus name comes from the Latin word fraga , presumably from fragrans meaning fragrant in reference to the perfume of the fruit. The species name refers to Virginia. Scarlett Strawberry is a winter hardy plant and easily grown in fertile, moist to dry, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade, although it does prefer organically rich, sandy loam. This plant likes the cooler temperatures of spring and fall and does not do well in summer heat and humidity or in strong, drying, winds. After setting fruit, the plants may slow down or go dormant in hot summer months. Plants flower in spring followed by the fruit, but fruit production can be affected by the prevailing temperatures. Plants spread indefinitely by runners that root as they sprawl along the ground and will form large colonies over time. Use this plant in containers, on slopes, naturalized areas and native pollinator gardens. Diseases, Insect Pests, and Other Plant Problems: Strawberries are susceptible to a number of diseases, including leaf spot, scorch, root rots, fruit rots (anthracnose, leather rot), gray mold and viruses. Tarnished plant bugs, spider mites, aphids, leafrollers, slugs, nematodes and strawberry weevils can also present problems.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Potentilla indica

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 4 in. - 0 ft. 9 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
5 - Groundcover (<1 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Creeping; Spreading
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Semi-evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Obovate
Leaf margin
Dentate
Leaf feel
Velvety
Leaf value
Long-lasting
Leaf size
1-3 inches long
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
Three obovate, dentate, coarsely toothed leaflets on a slender stalk; 1 to 2 inches long. Each leaf is coarsely toothed on slender hairy stalks (to 6 inches long).
Flower color
White
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Umbel
Flower shape
Radial
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Five round, white petals in a flat cluster appear in early to mid-spring. Flowers (to 3/4 inches across) with numerous yellow-anthered center stamens bloom in April-May in flat umbel-like clusters (4 to 6 flowers each).
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
Flowers give way to achene-dotted ovoid fruits (strawberries) which mature to red fruit, 1/2 inch across. Seeds are embedded in the pits of the strawberries.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
East Canada to Northern and Eastern United States and Mexico
Distribution
Introduced to Northern Europe, France, Italy, and Venezuela
Wildlife value
Members of the genus Fragaria support the following specialized bee: Andrena (Micrandrena) melanochroa.
Attracts
Pollinators; Predatory Insects; Songbirds; Specialized Bees
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Summer
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

Wild strawberries have a sweet tart flavor.

Uses (ethnobotany)

ground cover

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Naturalized Area; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Edible Garden; Native Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#specialized bees #nectar plant #edible garden #pollinator plant #NC native #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #bee friendly #wildlife friendly #beneficial insects #th-taste #th-wildlife
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Cyclamen Mites in Strawberries; Carmine Mites in Stawberries; Crickets in Strawberries; Fire Ants in Strawberries; Whiteflies in Strawberries; Tarnished Plant Bug in Strawberries
Disease problems
Gnomonia Leaf Blotch and Stem-End Rot of Strawberry; Leafrollers in Strawberries; Common Leafspot of Strawberry; Leaf Scorch of Strawberry; Phomopsis Leaf Blight of Strawberry
Resistant to
Drought; Erosion
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.