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Australian Cliffbrake

Hemionitis seticaulis (he-mee-oh-NY-tis seh-tee-KAW-liss)

Family: Pteridaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

The sickle fern is an evergreen, perennial, tufted fern that prefers humid and tropical environments and is native to Southeast Asia, New Zealand, and parts of Australia. It is a member of the ribbon-fern family (Pteridaceae). The genus name, Hemionitis , is derived from the Greek word heminonos , meaning "mule." This is believed to refer to the plant being sterile. The specific epithet is compounded from the Latin words seta , meaning "bristle or hair," and caulis , meaning "stem or stalk," and refers to the hairy stipe. The sickle fern prefers indirect sunlight and can tolerate low light conditions and thrives in moist, well-drained, organic-rich soil. The soil needs to be kept moist but not saturated. To increase humidity levels in the home, consider using a humidifier or placing the plant container on a tray of wet pebbles. The fern grows in dappled sun to deep shade. Remove any dead or damaged fronds to encourage new growth. This plant can be propagated by either spore collection or division of its rhizomes. This plant is found in shaded forests along streams and waterfalls. The fronds are borne from short and stout, creeping rhizomes. It is cultivated as an ornamental and can be grown indoors as a houseplant or as a groundcover in tropical and subtropical regions. Its attractive foliage consists of erect, dark green, leathery, linear-shaped fronds and sickle-shaped leaflets. The fronds may be used in floral arrangements. This unique and attractive fern makes it a popular specimen for houseplant enthusiasts. In tropical areas, it can be grown in shade gardens or as a border planting or on a slope. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: The sickle fern is generally disease- and insect-resistant. Monitor for scale or aphids and potential fungal infections. VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington , Director of JC Raulston Arboretum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 45 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Fern; Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 13a, 13b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 8 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Arching; Clumping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Fronds
Leaf arrangement
Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Undulate
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf value
Good Cut; Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
The fronds are linear, glossy, dark green, 10 to 16 inches long, 2 to 2Β½ inches wide, and are pinnate. The underside of the fronds is a paler green. The stipe is brown and tomentose (dense woolly hairs) and measures 6 to 8 inches long. The pinnae are 1-2 inches long and 0.25 to 0.75 inches wide. They appear oblong or elliptic to lanceolate with wavy margins, and are subopposite to alternate in arrangement. Their size progressively decreases towards the apex of the frond.
Flower detail
Non-flowering. Spore clusters appear in a narrow band.
Fruit detail
No fruits. This plants reproduces via spores. The sori and spores are dark brown.
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Tropical Asia to New Zealand and New Caledonia
Distribution
Native: India, Malaya, New Caledonia, New South Wales, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Norfolk Island, Queensland, Sulawesi, Tasmania, and Victoria. Extinct in: Sri Lanka
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants; Patio; Slope/Bank
Landscape theme
Shade Garden
Design feature
Border
Garden tags
#houseplant #evergreen #tropical feel #deer resistant #fern #container plant #partial shade tolerant #spores #sori #acidic soils tolerant #fronds #clumping #groundcover #broadleaf evergreen #patio #shade tolerant #erect #border #arching
Problems & Resistance
Resistant to
Deer; Heavy Shade
Particularly resistant to
Heavy shade, Deer
Propagation
Division

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.