Alligator Fern

Microsorum musifolium (my-kroh-SOR-um moo-sih-FOH-lee-um)

Family: Polypodiaceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

The crocodile fern is a tropical epiphyte fern with glossy green fronds and is native to Southern Myanmar to New Guinea. It is usually found in the tropical rainforests and thrives in its warm and humid climate. In its native habitat, this fern is found growing on trees instead of in the soil. In our cooler climates, it can be grown as a houseplant or may be found in greenhouses. It is a member of the polypody family (Polypodiaceae). The genus name, Microsorum , is derived from the Greek word, mikros , that means "small," and soros , references the spore cases on the undersides of the fronds. The specific epithet, muisfolium , means "banana-like leaves." This plant prefers bright indirect light to partial or full shade and moist, well-drained, rich organic potting mix. It thrives in environments with high humidity and temperatures between 60 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Sudden temperature changes or cold drafts should be avoided. Water the plant when the soil surface begins to feel dry and preferably use rainwater or distilled water. A diluted half strength balanced liquid fertilizer should be used to feed the plant once a month during the spring and summer. It is best propagated by division in the spring or early summer. The crocodile fern grows 1 to 3 feet tall and equally as wide with an erect and arching habit. It has lanceolate, strap-like, glossy, leathery green leaves that grow up to 2 feet long when grown as a houseplant. In its native tropical habitat, the leaves can measure up to 4 feet long. The fronds are textured and resemble the skin of a crocodile; hence, its common name. Sori or spores are found on the undersides of the fronds along the veins. The crocodile fern's textured fronds will add interest to your houseplant collection and provide a tropical touch to your home or office. The fronds may also be used to enhance floral arrangements. In warmer climates, this fern may be used in a shade garden or on a patio. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Monitor for mealybugs, spider mites, and scale. Overwatering can cause root rot. Fungal or bacterial infections can lead to leaf spot which is the result of poor air circulation or allowing the leaves to get wet. The leaves will also scorch if the plant is placed in direct sunlight. Avoid exposure to temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit. Brown leaf edges indicate low humidity or result from using tap water.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 41 attributes.