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Dutch Garlic

Allium hollandicum (AL-ee-um hol-LAN-dih-kum)

Family: Amaryllidaceae Non-native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Persian Onion is native to Iran and Kyrgyzstan and is a bulbous herbaceous perennial in the onion family (Amaryllidaceae). This low-maintenance plant grows up to 2.6 feet tall and is best grown in moist to dry well-drained soils in full sun to partial shade. The best blooming is in full sun. Plant bulbs in fall to a depth of twice their size and 6-8 inches apart. Deadhead after flowering to prevent unwanted seeding. Propagation is by seeds or division. It is drought tolerant after blooming is completed. Persian Onion is characterized by its showy violet flowers. The flowers bloom from May to June with 4-inch clusters of star-shaped flowers that attract butterflies. The popular cultivar 'Purple Sensation' has won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Adds color to a mixed border, cottage garden, or butterfly garden in the spring. Plant in groups for best results. Pests, Insects, and Other Plant Problems: Overly damp conditions leave ornamental onions prone to fungal issues, including bulb rot, rust, and mildew. Leaf spots and thrips are also common threats to ornamental onions. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 59 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Allium aflatunense

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Bulb; Herbaceous Perennial; Perennial
Life cycle
Bulb
USDA zones
4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 6 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 0 ft. 9 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Fine
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Rosulate
Leaf shape
Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Stap-like green leaves are up to 2 feet long and 1-2 inches wide in a basal rosette.
Flower color
Purple/Lavender
Flower value
Good Cut; Good Dried; Showy
Flower form
Umbel
Flower shape
Star
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The showy violet flowers bloom from May to June in a 4-5 inch wide round cluster. Small individual flowers are 6-petaled and star-shaped.
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Stem color
Green
Stem detail
Sturdy 2 foot green stem
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Iran and Kyrgyzstan
Wildlife value
Flowers attract butterflies. Deer and rabbit resistant.
Attracts
Butterflies
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Colorful; Easy to Grow; Wildlife Food Source
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cottage Garden; Cutting Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Accent; Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#spring flowering bulbs #pollinator plant #dry soils tolerant #perennial bulbs #cottage garden #partial shade tolerant #herbaceous #perennial flowers #bulb #flower arrangements #showy flowers #dried arrangements #division #violet flowers #cutting garden #spring interest #mass planting #butterfly friendly #easy to grow #rabbit resistant #summer interest #summer flowers #full sun tolerant #purple flowers #colorful #sandy soils tolerant #loamy soils tolerant #herbaceous perennial #moist soil #border planting #low maintenance #drought tolerant #spring flowers #attractive leaves #small spaces #perennial #wildlife friendly #accent #small groups
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Bulb Mites
Resistant to
Deer; Drought; Dry Soil; Rabbits
Propagation
Division; Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.