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Boat Lily

Tradescantia spathacea (trad-es-KAN-tee-uh spath-ay-SEE-uh)

Family: Commelinaceae Unknown Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

Oyster plant is a clumping, broadleaf evergreen, herbaceous perennial houseplant in the spiderwort family (Commelinaceae). Its native range is southern Mexico to Guatemala. It grows 6 inches to 1 foot tall and 1 to 2 feet wide. It was formerly known as Rhoeo spathacea and is still found listed under that name. The specific epithet, spathacea , means "with a spathe." This references the spathe-like or boat-shaped bracts that hold the flowers. Plant the oyster plant in well-drained potting media and give it plenty of bright indirect light. When the plant does not receive enough light, it may stretch out and become lanky, or its purple leaves may revert back to green. In zones 9 and higher, it can grow outdoors where it will form a dense mat groundcover. If kept outdoors in the summer, provide it with afternoon shade. As a container plant, allow the top 1 to 2 inches of soil to dry out between waterings and cut back on water during the winter. This low-maintenance plant may bloom at any time of the year, and it is easy to propagate by seed, division or stem cutting. The oyster plant is desired for its attractive foliage. The plant grows in a tall rosette with linear or lanceolate leaves that are stiff and sword-like. The upper surface is dark green and purple on the undersides. Sometimes the upper leaf surface may be green with pale yellow stripes. The unusual inflorescences and small white flowers are a bonus. Purple boat-shaped bracts enclose the white flowers. They are followed by a dry, 2-seeded capsule. Grow the oyster plant in a container that can be moved inside when there is the threat of frost. This species grows upward instead of down, so it will not work well in a hanging basket. but beware that it naturalizes easily and tends to become weedy. Quick ID Hints 6- to 12-inch-tall rosette, narrow leaves, spirally arranged dark green, linear or lanceolate leaves with purple undersides white flowers that are enclosed in boat-shaped, purple bracts Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Monitor for mealybugs, whiteflies, and spider mites. Overwatering can cause root rot. Other possible diseases include fungus and leaf spot. If ingested, the oyster plant is toxic to humans and pets. Keep this plant out of reach of small children and pets. The sap of this plant can also cause contact dermatitis for both humans and pets. Wearing protective gloves are recommended when handling this plant. More information on Tradescantia .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 64 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant; Poisonous
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Loam (Silt); Shallow Rocky
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 1 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Dense; Erect
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Gold/Yellow; Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate; Rosulate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Linear
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Rough; Waxy
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The leaves are alternate, spirally arranged in a crowded apical rosette, simple, flat, linear-lanceolate, acute leaves, base sessile with a closed sheath and entire margin. The leaf color is dark green on the upper surface and purple on the undersides. Sometimes the upper leaf surface may be green with pale yellow stripes. The surface is rough and has a stiff texture, and the leaves measure 6 to 12 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide.
Flower color
Blue; White
Flower value
Long Bloom Season; Showy
Flower form
Cyme
Flower shape
Saucer
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
The inflorescence consists of axillary, boat-shaped, waxy pair of purple bracts with several flowers inside the "boat." The flowers are white, less than 1 inch wide, and have 3 equal petals. They bloom in axillary cymes. The flowers bloom all throughout the year and are long-lasting.
Bloom time
Fall; Spring; Summer; Winter
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
The fruit is a 2 seeded elongated dry capsule that measures less than 0.5 inches long and appears after the flowers bloom. The seeds are believed to be dispersed by the wind.
Stem color
Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
Stems are short, stout, simple, reddish, thick, and succulent.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Southern Mexico to Guatemala
Distribution
Native: Belize, Guatemala, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, and Mexico Southwest. Introduced: Bahamas, Bangladesh, Bermuda, China Southeast, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, Gambia, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Korea, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad-Tobago, and the United States--FL, HI, and LA.
Play value
Attractive Flowers; Easy to Grow
Food & Medicine
Harvest time
Fall; Spring; Summer; Winter
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Hanging Baskets; Houseplants; Naturalized Area
Landscape theme
Rock Garden
Design feature
Border
Garden tags
#showy leaves #low maintenance #colorful leaves #winter interest #evergreen #fantz #interiorscape #tropical feel #houseplant #container plant #easy to grow #contact dermatitis #poisonous #problem for children #easy to grow houseplant #problem for dogs #clumping #problem for cats #white flowers #bracts #red stems #poisonous if ingested #erect #dense growth
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Contact Dermatitis; Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Cats; Problem for Children; Problem for Dogs; Weedy
Resistant to
Drought
Propagation
Division; Seed; Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Toxic if large quantities are ingested. Ingestion causes irritation of the lips, mouth, tongue, and throat, and possibly nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. Skin irritation can also occur with contact. Stinging and itching following contact of cell sap with skin or eyes.
Toxic principle
Unidentified
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Sap/Juice; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.