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Killarney Strawberry Tree

Arbutus unedo (ar-BU-tus U-nay-do)

Family: Ericaceae Non-native Understory (15-40 ft)

Strawberry Tree is an evergreen shrub or small tree in the Heath family native to the Mediterranean region and western Europe. The showy red edible fruits mature in autumn and have a high sugar content but are rather bland tasting. They can be used to make jams and jellies. Fruit production is variable, dependent on the weather and the fruits bruise easily so this plant has not been grown for commercial fruit production much except for making brandy in Portugal. It is slow-growing, about 12"-24" a year, and usually reaches a height of 15 feet but can grow up to 35 feet tall. Grow it as a shrub or trained to a tree form to show off its interesting peeling bark. Strawberry Tree is easy to grow and adaptable to various climates and well-drained soils, including poor ones. It is tolerant of full sun to partial shade, salt, and drought once established. Lightly prune back the shoots regularly to maintain an attractive shape. Use as a specimen, for screening or as a small shade tree near a patio. With its glossy leaves, white flowers, red fruits and exfoliating bark this plant provides four seasons of interest for your landscape. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Susceptible to scales and thrips. Anthracnose, Phytophthora, root rot and rust are occasional disease problems. This plant struggles in humid climates. Fruit drop can be messy near hardscaped surfaces.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 69 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory (15-40 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Similar, less problematic Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu' Punica granatum Pyrus pyrifolia 'Shinseiki'

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Edible; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
USDA zones
7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist | Occasionally Dry
Available space
6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 10 ft. 0 in. - 35 ft. 0 in. | Width: 8 ft. 0 in. - 20 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
2 - Understory (15-40 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Dense; Erect; Multi-trunked; Rounded; Spreading; Vase
Texture
Fine
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Oblanceolate; Oblong; Obovate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf size
3-6 inches long, < 1 inch wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
2-4 inches by .8- 1.25 inches glossy green leaves with serrated margins and red stems. The tip is acute, base wedge-shaped (cuneate), undersides paler and glabrous.
Flower color
Pink; White
Flower value
Fragrant; Showy
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Urn
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Urn-shaped small white or occasionally light pink flowers with a mild fragrance in drooping panicles of 10-30 flowers in autumn. In warm winter climates may bloom into winter. Flowers are similar to that of blueberries and they last a year on the plants until they form fruits.
Bloom time
Fall; Winter
Fruit color
Red/Burgundy
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit size
< 1 inch long, < 1 inch wide
Fruit detail
1/2-1 inch red berries with a rough surface in autumn. Mature in 12 months and are on the tree at the same time as flowers are. Fruits resemble strawberries and the wet fruits can be messy on hardscaped surfaces.
Bark color
Dark Brown; Dark Gray
Bark detail
Striking, peeling grayish-brown bark reveals reddish-brown underneath.
Stem color
Brown/Copper; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
Reddish-brown stems
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Non-native
Origin
Europe, Asia, North Africa
Wildlife value
Nectar plant for pollinators and the fruit provides food for birds and small mammals. It is browsed by deer.
Attracts
Pollinators; Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Harvest time
Fall
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

Red berries are bland-tasting and can be eaten raw or used in jams and jellies as it has a high natural pectin content. Also used to make brandy.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Leaves have been used in herbal medicine. The wood is hard and useful

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Coastal; Lawn; Patio; Small Space
Landscape theme
Cottage Garden; Edible Garden; Winter Garden
Design feature
Screen/Privacy; Small Tree; Specimen; Understory Tree
Garden tags
#small tree #evergreen tree #winter interest #evergreen #edible fruits #showy flowers #drought tolerant #salt tolerant #red stems #glossy leaves #slow growing #small spaces #red fruits #interesting bark #year-round interest #fruits fall #messy fruits #bird friendly #food source soft mast fruit #food source fall #fire low flammability #full sun tolerant #partial shade tolerant #exfoliating bark #winter flowers #ornamentals #patio #wildlife friendly #screen
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Messy
Resistant to
Drought; Fire; Poor Soil; Salt
Particularly resistant to
Resistant to Oat root fungus and Armillaria.
Propagation
Layering; Seed; Stem Cutting
Fire risk
low flammability

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.