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Jet-Black Raven

Zamioculcas zamiifolia (zam-ee-oh-KUL-kass zam-ee-FOH-lee-uh)

Family: Araceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Raven™ ZZ plant is a rhizomatous, evergreen herbaceous perennial in the aroid family (Araceae) native to tropical Africa. The dark, blackish green, pinnate leaves are erect, emerging from a thick, underground rhizome. The species epithet is compounded from the Latin and means “having leaves like Zamia ,” which is an unrelated genus. This plant has a slow growth rate, reaching 3 feet in height and width. In the landscape, Raven™ ZZ plant needs to be planted in partial to deep shade and highly organic with good drainage. It has bulbous, fleshy rhizomes that give rise to glossy leaves that store water and make it highly drought-tolerant. As a houseplant, pot it in well-drained potting soil that is watered routinely but allowed to dry out between waterings, as wet feet are not tolerated. Water it only once a month in winter months when it is not actively growing. Water twice monthly in the summer, but only if the soil has dried out completely. Use a balanced liquid houseplant fertilizer once or twice a year. This plant can be treated in much the same way as cactus and other succulent plants. While they will grow in very low levels of light, even in areas with only fluorescent light, they do best with bright indirect sunlight. Scalding and browning of leaves can occur if the plant is placed in direct sunlight. This plant has a medium toxicity to cats and dogs. This cultivar has lime green new growth that turns a dramatic purple-black color as it ages. It stores water in its thick petioles and a tuber-like rhizome, making it an easy to grow houseplant that withstands even dark conditions and neglectful gardeners. Raven™ ZZ plant is one of the easiest to grow, low-maintenance houseplants and is seen frequently in commercial interiorscapes. In some areas, it may be possible to grow this plant in a container outdoors if it is brought in once the temperature falls below 60 degrees F. Quick ID Hints: rhizomatous evergreen, grows up to 3 feet tall pinnately compound leaves that emerge lime green and turn almost black petiole color can be green, black or purplish. Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: No significant problems, but watch for scale insects. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for "Edibles, Bulbs, and Houseplants," a plant identification course developed in partnership with Longwood Gardens. More information on Zamioculcas zamiifolia .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 46 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Houseplant; Poisonous; Succulent
Life cycle
Perennial
Light
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Erect
Texture
Medium
Leaf color
Black; Green; Purple/Lavender
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf value
Showy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long, 3-6 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Pinnately compound, shiny lime green new growth turns purple/black with age. Petioles thick and succulent. Leaflet shape is ovate.
Flower color
Brown/Copper; Gray/Silver; Green
Flower form
Spadix
Flower detail
Rarely flowers. Spathe is green and spadix is brown to grey. It does not often bloom, if it does indoors the plant could be unhappy with its conditions.
Stem detail
Thick, fleshy stems from a rhizome. They start out broad and taper towards the top.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Houseplants
Garden tags
#lime green leaves #showy leaves #easy to grow #houseplant #black leaves #glossy #purple leaves #problem for dogs #problem for cats #poisonous #spadix #low light #glossy leaves #low maintenance #tropical #container plant #slow growing #easy to grow houseplant #perennial
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Armored Scale Identification and Management on Ornamental Plants
Problems
Contact Dermatitis; Problem for Cats; Problem for Children; Problem for Dogs
Resistant to
Drought; Dry Soil
Poison severity
Medium
Poison parts
Leaves
Poison symptoms
Diarrhea if consumed in quantity.
Toxic principle
Calcium Oxalate Crystals
Contact dermatitis
Yes
Toxicity summary
Medium severity poison; parts: Leaves; contact dermatitis

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.