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Field Zinnia

Zinnia peruviana (ZIN-ya per-u-vee-AN-uh)

Family: Asteraceae Unknown Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

Peruvian zinnia is an annual, erect, wildflower in the Asteraceae (daisy) family. This plant is native to the southwestern United States and Mexico and is found as far south as Venezuela and Argentina. It grows along roadsides, in disturbed locations, wastelands, and pastures. Peruvian zinnia needs full sun and sandy soil with good drainage, which can be occasionally dry. Water regularly; however, do not overwater as it has a short taproot. It propagates self-seeding by the wind. This plant is a fast-growing, quick-blooming tropical species that grows 6 inches to 3 feet tall and 1inch to 2 feet wide. The plant's flowers are showy with gold and yellow or red and burgundy from summer through the fall. The stems are mostly unbranched, rough, and have fine, stiff hairs. Plants are not typically commercially available at garden centers as a choice for your home garden. However, seeds are available for purchase. They can also be collected from plants. Allow the seed heads to dry on the plant before collecting. Peruvian zinnia makes an excellent choice for xeriscaping, pollinator, and conservation gardens where the flowers can be cut and brought indoors to enjoy. Use in a container, mass planted along a walkway or patio, in a border planting, or tucked into any other small space in the garden that needs a pop of color. Quick ID Hints: Leaves are green, simple, and rough Leaves are opposite on stems Stems are green, purple, or lavender Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Problems: Aphids and thrips are occasional issues. The Clemson Cooperative Extension Home and Garden Information Center has a factsheet on common zinnia insect pests and diseases. VIDEO Created by Elisabeth Meyer for " Annuals, Perennials, Vines, and Groundcovers " a plant identification course offered in partnership with Longwood Gardens.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 60 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Echinacea purpurea Gaillardia

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Annual; Wildflower
Life cycle
Annual
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Soil texture
Sand
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0); Alkaline (>8.0); Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Occasionally Dry
Available space
12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 0 ft. 6 in. - 3 ft. 0 in. | Width: 0 ft. 1 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Dense; Erect; Rounded
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Opposite
Leaf shape
Lanceolate; Ovate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Rough
Leaf size
1-3 inches long, 1-3 inches wide
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
The leaves have 3-5 veins.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Red/Burgundy
Flower value
Good Cut; Showy
Flower form
Head
Flower shape
Radial
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Dark reddish-orange flowers The flowers are typically single on the solitary erect, purple-green stem, each flower having 6-15 ray florets and 12-50 disc florets.
Bloom time
Fall; Summer
Fruit type
Achene
Stem color
Green; Purple/Lavender
Stem detail
Typically unbranched, rough and having fine, coarse hairs.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Southwestern U.S.A., Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina
Distribution
AZ, FL, FA, NC, SC
Wildlife value
Its blooms are frequented by Danaus glippus (Queen), Heliconius charithonia Linnaeus (Zebra Longwing), and Leptophobia aripa butterflies.
Attracts
Butterflies
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Achene
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Container; Naturalized Area; Patio; Small Space; Walkways
Landscape theme
Butterfly Garden; Cutting Garden; Drought Tolerant Garden; Pollinator Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#herbaceous #herbaceous annual #self-seeding #non-toxic for cats #non-toxic for horses #non-toxic for dogs #wind dispersed seeds #cutting garden #naturalizes #border planting #container plant #mass planting #butterfly friendly #small spaces #drought tolerant #disturbed areas #border middle #low maintenance #fast growing #annual #patio #wildflower #weedy #walkway
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Flower Thrips; Aphids on Ornamental Landscape Plants
Disease problems
Southern Bacterial Wilt on Herbaceous Ornamental Plants; Southern Blight of Herbaceous Ornamentals
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Drought
Propagation
Seed

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.