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Carolina Shagbark Hickory

Carya ovata (KAIR-ee-ah oh-VAY-tuh aw-STRAL-iss)

Family: Juglandaceae Native Understory

Carolina Shagbark Hickory is a variation of the Shag Bark Hickory and can be found on the upland flats of the piedmont areas in the southeastern U.S.A. It differs in slightly larger leaves and nuts and has more slender shoots and darker outer bud scales. Prefers a humid climate but is found in a wide range of climates. This plant prefers moist acidic soils. Male and female flowers occur in the spring and give way to edible nuts. This hickory begins to bear seeds around 10 years but is most productive from 40 to 200 years old. The production is erratic with the best crops being every 3-5 years. This plant serves as a food source for the Hickory horndevil ( Citheronia regalis ) moth. More information on Carya ovata .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 47 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 2 - Understory Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Native Plant; Tree
Life cycle
Woody
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Moist
NC region
Piedmont
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
2 - Understory
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Serrate
Hairs present
Yes
Leaf detail
8-inch compound leaves have 5 leaflets with dense hairs at the tips of serration.
Flower form
Catkin; Spike
Flower size
3-6 inches
Flower detail
Male flowers grow as catkins about 4-7 inches long and female pistillate appears in spikes around 1/2 long.
Bloom time
Spring
Fruit color
Brown/Copper; Green
Fruit type
Nut
Fruit size
1-3 inches long
Fruit detail
Green husks mature to brown and split to the base. Nuts are brown and 1 to 1.5 inches long.
Bark color
Light Gray
Stem color
Black; Brown/Copper; Red/Burgundy
Stem detail
Young twigs are green, maturing to thin black to red-brown twigs, small buds.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Ala., Ga., Miss., N.C., S.C., Tenn.
Distribution
Found in Delaware south to Georgia, and west to Tennessee. Found in VI, NC, SC, GA, AL, MS, TN, and KY
Wildlife value
This plant supports Hickory Horndevil (Citheronia regalis) larvae which have one brood and appear from May to mid-September. Adult Hickory Horndevil moths do not feed. Small mammals, squirrels, raccoons, chipmunks and others, are attracted to the nuts.
Attracts
Moths; Pollinators; Small Mammals
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Nuts
Fruit type
Nut

Edibility

Nuts are edible and sweet to humans and wildlife.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used for furniture, flooring and tool handles. It is also used for smoking meats. The bark is used to flavor maple-style syrup.

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Lawn
Landscape theme
Edible Garden; Native Garden; Nighttime Garden; Pollinator Garden
Garden tags
#native tree #deciduous #NC native #piedmont #Braham Arboretum #nuts #deciduous tree #nighttime garden #hickory horndevil moth #moth caterpillar host #larval host plant #pollinator plant #wildlife friendly

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.