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American White Hellebore

Veratrum viride (VER-uh-trum VEER-ih-dee)

Family: Melanthiaceae Native Herbaceous (3-15 ft)

False hellebore is a native, erect, herbaceous perennial wildflower found in the mountains of NC. It is a member of the trillium family (Melanthiaceae). It grows in swamps, wet woods, meadows, forest or natural areas in moist woods and along stream banks. All parts of the plant are poisonous if large amounts are ingested. The nectar is likely toxic to honeybees. The leaves are broad and strap-like, clasping at the base and with conspicuous parallel veins. The flowers appear in panicles of small saucer-shaped yellow-green blooms. It needs shade to part shade and moist, rich soils. The plant spreads by rhizomes and seeds.

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 55 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant; Poisonous; Wildflower
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; High Organic Matter; Loam (Silt)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Good Drainage | Occasionally Wet
Available space
12 inches-3 feet; 3 feet-6 feet
NC region
Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 2 ft. 0 in. - 6 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Erect
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Simple
Leaf arrangement
Whorled
Leaf shape
Elliptical; Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Entire
Leaf feel
Rough
Leaf value
Showy
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
6 to 12-inch lance-shaped leaves end in a sharp point and are strongly ribbed with parallel veins. They clasp onto a stout, downy stem.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow; Green
Flower form
Panicle
Flower shape
Saucer
Flower size
1-3 inches
Flower detail
Numerous small, downy, yellow-green flowers on branching stem
Bloom time
Spring; Summer
Fruit type
Capsule
Fruit detail
The fruit splits into three sections at maturity to release the numerous flat seeds.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
North America
Distribution
AK , AL , CA , CT , DC , DE , GA , ID , MA , MD , ME , MN , MT , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OR , PA , RI , TN , VA , VT , WA , WV , WY Canada: NB , NL , NS , QC
Food & Medicine
Fruit type
Capsule
Landscape Use
Landscape location
Pond; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Shade Garden
Garden tags
#poisonous #swamps #shade garden #native garden #wet soils tolerant #perennial #meadow #NC native #NC Native Pollinator Plant #woodland #wildflower #contact dermatitis
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans
Resistant to
Wet Soil
Propagation
Division; Seed
Poison severity
High
Poison parts
Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Stems
Poison symptoms
Burning of mouth and throat, salivation, headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, sweating, convulsions
Toxic principle
Steroidal alkaloids
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
High severity poison; parts: Flowers; Fruits; Leaves; Roots; Stems

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.