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Netted Chain Fern

Woodwardia areolata (wood-WAR-dee-ah air-ee-oh-LAY-tah)

Family: Aspleniaceae Native Herbaceous (1-3 ft)

The netted chain fern is a deciduous herbaceous perennial in the spleenwort family (Aspleniaceae), native to the eastern United States and Nova Scotia. The species epithet is Latin and means “areolate,” i.e., having “islands” of leaf blade surrounded by veins. This characteristic venation is also the inspiration for the common name. It is easily grown in organically rich, consistently moist to wet, well-drained, acidic soils in part to full shade. It does well in average garden soils and will take a considerable amount of sun as long as soils are kept consistently moist. It grows 1 to 2 feet high and wide, and small animals use it for cover. It spreads by branching and creeping rhizomes and will naturalize over time into large colonies in optimum growing conditions... almost to the point of being weedy. Pinnae of the netted chain fern are mostly alternate or subopposite. Its spores are borne in chain-like rows on a frond with narrow, green pinnae. It has bright green lanceolate, pinnatisect blades with wide wings along the rachis. Its veins join into two or more rows of areoles between the midvein and the margin of the pinna. This fern is similar in appearance to the much more common sensitive fern ( Onoclea sensibilis ), except the latter generally grows taller (to 4 feet), has beaded, nongreen fertile fronds and has lobed (not serrate) leaflets with opposite arrangement on the sterile fronds. The netted chain fern can grow in native, shade, and water gardens. It can grow along shaded streams and in mass plantings or in borders. Insects, Diseases, or Other Plant Problems : Watch for the Florida Fern Caterpillar. VIDEO Created by NC State Extension's Homegrown series featuring Mark Weathington , Director of JC Raulston Arboretum .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 49 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft) Optimal soil pH Acid (<6.0)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Often confused with Onoclea sensibilis

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Fern; Ground Cover; Herbaceous Perennial; Native Plant
Life cycle
Perennial
USDA zones
3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b
Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day) | Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Soil drainage
Frequent Standing Water | Moist | Occasionally Wet
Available space
Less than 12 inches; 12 inches-3 feet
NC region
Coastal; Mountains; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 1 ft. 6 in. - 2 ft. 0 in. | Width: 1 ft. 0 in. - 2 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Rapid
Maintenance
Medium
Canopy layer
4 - Herbaceous (1-3 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Creeping
Texture
Medium
Foliage
Deciduous
Leaf color
Green; Pink
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately); Fronds
Leaf arrangement
Alternate; Other/more complex
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Lobed
Leaf feel
Glossy
Leaf size
> 6 inches long
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Features pinnatifid, glossy green sterile fronds which emerge pinkish in spring and unroll to 1'-2' long. Sterile fronds typically have 8-10 pairs of lance-shaped pinnae (leaflets) with small marginal teeth. Fertile fronds arise in summer to the same length as the sterile ones but have narrower leaf divisions. The pinnae of both fronds have netted veins and the sori (spores) on the fertile fronds are arranged in chain-like rows parallel to the pinnae midribs, hence the common name.
Flower detail
No flowers.
Fruit detail
No fruits. This plants reproduces via spores.
Stem color
Green
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Native
Origin
Eastern North America
Distribution
Nova Scotia to the USA
Wildlife value
It provides excellent ground cover.
Attracts
Small Mammals; Songbirds
Food & Medicine

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used for shelter

Landscape Use
Landscape location
Riparian; Woodland
Landscape theme
Native Garden; Shade Garden; Water Garden
Design feature
Border; Mass Planting
Garden tags
#deciduous #riparian #ncemgva2018 #swamps #groundcover #NC native #native fern #Piedmont Mountains FACW #Coastal OBL #food source herbage #food source summer #Audubon #deer resistant #fern #wet soils tolerant #shade garden #colonizing #wildlife friendly #woodland #winter cover #wetland
Problems & Resistance
Insect problems
Florida Fern Caterpillar
Problems
Weedy
Resistant to
Deer; Heavy Shade; Wet Soil
Particularly resistant to
Heavy shade, This plant is highly deer resistant.

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.