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Mexican Barberry

Berberis gracilis (BER-ber-is GRASS-il-is)

Family: Berberidaceae Unknown Shrub (3-15 ft)

Mexican Barberry is an evergreen perennial shrub native to Mexico in the barberry family (Berberidaceae). The plant grows 6 to 10 feet tall and 4 to 8 feet wide in full sun to partial shade. It does best in average well-drained soils and is drought-tolerant once established. It will spread by forming suckers and can also be propagated by seed. The yellow flowers appear in clusters from fall through winter, providing 4 seasons of interest. The leathery glossy evergreen leaves are attractive all season. Edible purple-blue berries follow flowering. Use this shrub as a hedge or in a drought-tolerant garden. It is bee and bird friendly. Insects, Diseases and Other Plant Problems: Leaf spots, rust, and leaf scorch from sun/wind. Chlorosis on high pH soils. Barberry webworm, aphids, and scale can occasionally be problems. VIDEO created by Andy Pulte for “Landscape Plant Identification, Taxonomy and Morphology” a plant identification course offered by the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee. More information on Berberis .

Source: NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox ↗ NC State Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox, 62 attributes.

How it fits the guild

Guild layer 3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
See companions & conflicts ↓

Companions & Conflicts

Curated pairwise relationships between this plant and others in the library — who feeds whom, who competes, who confuses the pests. Green reads as a good pairing, red as one to avoid.

No curated interactions recorded for this species yet.

Also noted by NC State

Related species the NC State Plant Toolbox flags for this plant — look-alikes to tell apart, and plants that play a similar role in a planting. Ones we carry in the library are linked.

Fills a similar niche Berberis darwinii Berberis repens Berberis x hortensis

Full plant profile

Growing Conditions
Plant type
Perennial; Poisonous; Shrub
Life cycle
Perennial; Woody
USDA zones
7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11a, 11b
Light
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day) | Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Soil texture
Clay; Loam (Silt); Sand
Soil drainage
Good Drainage | Moist
Available space
3 feet-6 feet; 6-feet-12 feet
NC region
Coastal; Piedmont
Mature size
Height: 6 ft. 0 in. - 10 ft. 0 in. | Width: 4 ft. 0 in. - 8 ft. 0 in.
Growth rate
Slow
Maintenance
Low
Canopy layer
3 - Shrub (3-15 ft)
Form & Appearance
Habit / form
Clumping; Mounding
Texture
Coarse
Foliage
Broadleaf Evergreen
Leaf color
Green
Leaf type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Leaf arrangement
Alternate
Leaf shape
Lanceolate
Leaf margin
Dentate
Leaf feel
Glossy; Leathery
Leaf value
Long-lasting; Showy
Hairs present
No
Leaf detail
Leaves are pinnately compound with 4-7 pairs of leaflets plus a larger terminal leaflet, all lanceolate with teeth along the margins.
Flower color
Gold/Yellow
Flower value
Showy
Flower form
Raceme
Flower shape
Cup
Flower size
< 1 inch
Flower detail
Bright yellow flowers appear from late fall until early spring. Flowers are 6-parted, borne in an elongated raceme.
Bloom time
Fall; Spring; Winter
Fruit color
Blue
Fruit type
Berry
Fruit value
Edible; Showy
Fruit detail
Fruits are dark blue, smooth, and egg-shaped.
Wildlife & Ecology
Native status
Unknown
Origin
Mexico
Wildlife value
Bees are attracted to the flowers. Birds enjoy the fruits.
Attracts
Bees; Songbirds
Food & Medicine
Edible parts
Fruit
Fruit type
Berry

Edibility

Not poisonous, but berries contain berberine that can cause stomach upset, especially with children.

Uses (ethnobotany)

Used medicinally.

Landscape Use
Landscape theme
Drought Tolerant Garden
Design feature
Border; Hedge; Security
Garden tags
#evergreen shrub #blue fruits #glossy leaves #leathery leaves #evergreen #flowers early spring #winter interest #yellow flowers #fall flowers #winter flowers #spines #perennial #wildlife friendly #purple fruits #hedge #bee friendly #bird friendly #deer resistant #poisonous if ingested
Problems & Resistance
Problems
Poisonous to Humans; Problem for Children; Spines/Thorns
Resistant to
Drought
Propagation
Seed; Stem Cutting
Poison severity
Low
Poison parts
Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice
Poison symptoms
Ingestion of the toxic parts can cause stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Toxic principle
Berberine, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid
Contact dermatitis
No
Toxicity summary
Low severity poison; parts: Bark; Leaves; Roots; Sap/Juice

Planted at Hunnicutt

Nobody’s planted this one yet.